2011-2016年云南保山市水痘疫情流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of varicella,baoshan,2011-2016

作　　者：黄东升[1] 李艳萍[1] 郑维斌[1] 何恺[1] 段丽忠[1] 赵丽娟[1] HUANG Dong -sheng;LI Yan -ping;ZHENG Wei -bin;HE Kai;DUAN Li -zhong;ZHAO Li -juan(Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Baoshan.Baoshan,Yunnan 678000,China)

机构地区：[1]保山市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2018年第23期4243-4245,4258,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：保山市中青年学术和技术带头人资金(No.2015BSZQNXSJS001)

摘　　要：目的分析2011-2016年保山市水痘疫情流行病学特征,为制定保山市水痘防控工作提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对2011-2016年保山市水痘监测数据进行分析。结果全市共报告水痘病例5 724例,年平均发病率37. 49/10万,发病率总体呈现上升趋势(χ2趋势=63. 733,P <0. 001)。所辖5个县(市、区)均有水痘病例报告,发病率前3位为腾冲市、施甸县和隆阳区。全年每月均有病例发生,呈双峰分布,峰值为4-7月和10-1月。发病年龄主要集中在4~10岁间,占全部病例数的55. 17%,男女性别比为1. 13∶1。农村发病数高于城市。发病人群主要集中在学生、幼托儿童和散居儿童,其中学生病例数最多,占全部病例数的56. 81%。期间无水痘突发公共卫生事件报告。结论保山市水痘发病率高于全国平均水平,且发病率总体上呈现逐年上升趋势。建议适时调整免疫规划策略,特别是针对学校、托幼机构等重点场所的学生和学龄儿童加强免疫接种。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of varicella in Baoshan between 2011 and 2016,and to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of varicella. Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the monitoring data of varicella in Baoshan from 2011 to 2016. Results A total of 5724 cases reported from 2011 to2016 were selected,and the annual average incidence was 37. 49/100000,showing an upward trend in general( χ2 trend =63. 733,P < 0. 001). The varicella cases were reported in all five counties( districts),a higher incidence occurred in Tengchong,Shidian and Longyang. Cases occurred every month throughout the year,with peaks from April to July and October to January. The onset age was mainly concentrated between 4-10 years old,accounting for 55. 17% of all cases and male-female ratio was 1. 13: 1. The cases of rural areas were more than that of the city. The majority of cases were happened in students,young children and scattered children,accounting for 56. 81%. At the same period,there was no public health emergency. Conclusion The incidence of varicella in Baoshan is higher than the national level,and the overall incidence shows an upward trend over time. In order to control the varicella incidence,real-timely intensify the immune planning strategy should be taken,especially for school-age children.

关 键 词：水痘 流行病学特征 免疫接种 发病率 

分 类 号：R181.23[医药卫生—流行病学]