新疆石河子市蘑菇湖水库浮游动物的群落特征及营养状态评价  

Zooplankton Community and Trophical Status of Moguhu Reservoir Xinjiang

作　　者：高岩[1] 张映东 胡文革[1] 贾文平[3] 林旭元 马得草[1] 尤洋 杨扬[1] 兰鸿珠 张秀荣 GAO Yan;ZHANG Ying-Dong;HU Wen-Ge;JIA Wen-Ping;LIN Xu-Yuan;MA De-Cao;YOU Yang;YANG Yang;LAN Hong-Zhu;ZHANG Xiu-Rong(College of Life Science,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832003;The Manas River Basin Management Office,Shihezi 832003;Institute of Aquatic Products in Tianjing,Tianjing 300000;Xinjiang Provincial Corps AquaticTteehnology PromotionTterminus Wujiaqu 831300,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学生命科学学院,石河子832003 [2]新疆石河子玛纳斯河流域管理处,石河子832003 [3]天津市水产研究所,天津300000 [4]新疆兵团水产技术推广总站,五家渠831300

出　　处：《动物学杂志》2018年第6期890-898,共9页Chinese Journal of Zoology

基　　金：新疆兵团科技攻关与成果转化计划项目(No.2015AC010)

摘　　要：2016年4月至2016年11月针对新疆石河子蘑菇湖水库不同库区水量状况时期(4月份丰水期,7月份平水期,11月份枯水期)进行了3次采样调查,共检出浮游动物36种,其中原生动物7种,轮虫18种,枝角类4种,桡足类7种;3次采样浮游动物群落结构均主要以轮虫和桡足类为主。浮游动物年平均密度为3 574 ind/L,各采样点密度变化范围为284～5 162 ind/L;年生物量为3.79 mg/L,各采样点生物量变化范围为0.84～6.56 mg/L。3次采样浮游动物密度和生物量均在7月份达到最大值,不同时期密度和生物量差异均显著(P <0.05)。根据浮游动物密度对蘑菇湖水库进行营养化评级,水库营养状况在一年中随着时间的变化是以中营养化水平向富营养化转化的状态。浮游动物群落结构和环境因子的冗余分析(RDA)表明,水温、硝态氮、溶解氧、酸碱度、化学需氧量能够在4月份(丰水期)影响浮游动物群落结构;水温、溶解氧、总磷、化学需氧量能够在7月份(平水期)共同影响浮游动物群落结构;水温、酸碱度、溶解氧在11月份(枯水期)能够影响浮游动物群落结构。其中,水温和溶解氧在3个不同时期是主要影响浮游动物群落结构的环境因子。In order to study the relationship between the zooplankton community structure and the water environmental factors in the Moguhu Reservoir,we conducted three detailed investigations in April,July and November in 2016.We used the Margalef's richness index and redundancy analysis method to analyze the density,biomass and dominance of zooplankton in different months,as well as the relationship between the structure of zooplankton community and the environment,the degree of nutrition of the reservoir.A total of 36species of zooplankton were detected,including 7species of protozoa,18species of rotifer,4species of Cladocera,and 7species of Copepods (Table 4).The community structure of zooplankton was mainly dominated by rotifers and copepods in the three sampling.The average annual density of zooplankton was 3574ind/L,and the density variation range of each sampling point was 284-5162ind/L (Fig.2);The annual biomass was 3.79mg/L,and the range ofbiomass of each sampling point was 0.84-6.56mg/L (Fig. 3).The density and biomass of zooplankton in three samplings reached the maximum in July,and the differences in density and biomass were significant at different periods (P <0.01).Three surveys identified eight dominant zooplankton species (degree of dominance≥0.2),including 5species of rotifer,2species of Cladocera and 1species of copepods (Table 5).The zooplankton community composition and environmental factors in the Mushroom Lake Reservoir were subjected to trend correspondence analysis (DCA)(Fig.4),and the first axis gradient was tested,because the gradient of the three periods was less than 3,so the final selection redundancy analysis (RDA)was selected for the constrained sequencing.The test results show that water temperature,nitrate nitrogen,dissolved oxygen,pH,and chemical oxygen demand can affect the zooplankton community structure in April (wet season);Water temperature,dissolved oxygen,total phosphorus,chemical oxygen demand,and can affect the structure of zooplankton community in July (normal season).Water tem

关 键 词：蘑菇湖水库 浮游动物 物种多样性 水质 营养类型 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]