基于强化散热的焊后冷源宽度对焊接残余应力的影响  

Influence of Post-weld Cold Source Width on Welding Residual Stress Based on Heat Dissipation Enhancement

作　　者：孙倩[1] 周宏[2] 沈佳佳 矫杨 刘建成 SUN Qian;ZHOU Hong;SHEN Jiajia;JIAO Yang;LIU Jiancheng(School of Marine Engineering,Jimei University,Fujian Xiamen 361021,China;School of Ocean and Civil Engineering,Jiangsu University of Science and Technology,Jiangsu Zhenjiang 212003,China;China Merchants Bereau Heavy Industry Jiangsu,Jiangsu Nanjing 226116,China)

机构地区：[1]集美大学轮机工程学院,福建厦门361021 [2]江苏科技大学船舶与海洋工程学院,江苏镇江212003 [3]招商局重工江苏有限公司,江苏南通226116

出　　处：《船舶工程》2018年第10期93-98,共6页Ship Engineering

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金项目(2018J01493);2017工信部高技术船舶科研项目:半潜式起重拆解平台开发

摘　　要：鉴于冷源长度方向尺寸对焊趾位置残余应力峰值的影响不大,基于热弹塑性有限元法,利用干冰作为跟随焊枪同步移动的冷源介质,对厚为6 mm的AH36高强钢薄板对接焊进行数值模拟研究,分析冷源宽度方向尺寸对残余应力的影响,并与普通焊接作对比分析。结果表明:受冷源影响,横向应力、纵向应力及等效应力在高应力区域宽度和应力峰值方面表现为减弱趋势,特别是当冷源宽度大于焊缝宽度时,板材中心残余应力由普通焊接的381MPa减少至350MPa,横向残余应力由普通焊接的330 MPa减少至15 MPa。研究结果可对干冰喷嘴形状设计提供理论指导,同时也可推进了低应力无变形焊接技术在船舶领域的发展与应用。The length direction dimension of cold source has little effect on the peak value of residual stress in weld toe. Based on the thermal elastic-plastic finite element method, the paper uses dry-ice as a cold source to follow the welding torch simultaneously, and numerical simulation study on the butt welding of AH36 steel with 6 mm thickness, focusing on investigated the width size of the cold source effect on the residual stress, and compared with the ordinary welding. The results show that the transverse stress, the longitudinal stress and the equivalent stress in the high stress region are weakened, especially when the width of the cold source is larger than the width of the weld, the longitudinal residual stress of the plate center is reduced to 350 MPa from the common welding of 381 MPa, the transverse residual stress is from the 330 MPa reduce to 15 MPa. The results from the research provides a theoretical guide for the shape design of the dry ice nozzle, and also can advance the development and application of the "low stress and non deformation" welding technology in the shipbuilding industry.

关 键 词：冷源宽度 薄板焊接 残余应力 热弹塑性有限元法 随焊激冷 

分 类 号：U671.83[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]