基于高通量测序的两种高寒草甸土壤原核生物群落特征研究  

Soil prokaryotic community characteristics in two alpine meadow types based on high-throughput sequencing techniques

作　　者：卢慧[1,2] 赵珩[1] 盛玉钰 丛微 王秀磊[2] 李迪强[2] 张于光[2] LU Hui;ZHAO Heng;SHENG Yuyu;CONG Wei;WANG Xiulei;LI Diqiang;ZHANG Yuguang(College of Life and Environment Sciences,Minzu University of China,Beijing 100051,China;Institute of Forest Ecology,Environment and Protection,Chinese Academy of Forestry,and the Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of State Forestry Administration,Beijing 100091,China)

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学生命与环境科学学院,北京100081 [2]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所,国家林业局森林生态环境重点实验室,北京100091

出　　处：《生态学报》2018年第22期8080-8087,共8页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31370145,31670614);国家科技部自然保护区生物保本资源共享子平台项目(2005DKA21404).

摘　　要：土壤微生物在生态系统中具有重要的生态功能,研究青藏高原高寒草甸的土壤原核生物群落组成及其主要影响因子,对揭示青藏高原独特的微生物地理区系和预测全球环境变化的影响有重要意义。利用Illumina Miseq高通量测序技术,结合分子生态网络,对青藏高原高寒沼泽化草甸和高寒草甸的土壤原核生物的群落组成特征进行了分析。结果共检测到23145个OTUs,可分为2个古细菌类群和33个已知的细菌类群;其中变形菌门、酸杆菌门、放线菌门和拟杆菌门为土壤的优势菌群,相对丰度累计超过79%;高寒草甸原核生物的多样性高于高寒沼泽化草甸,两种草甸类型原核生物群落特征具有显著差异性(P<0.001)。分子生态网络分析表明,高寒草甸网络具有较长的平均路径距离和较高的模块性,使其比高寒沼泽化草甸网络更能抵抗外界环境变化,在应对气候变化时具有更高的稳定性;典范对应分析(CCA)和分子生态网络的分析结果均表明,土壤p H值是影响土壤原核生物群落特征的主要影响因子。综上所述,土壤微生物群落的组成变化对于评估其对全球气候变化的响应具有重要的指示作用,土壤原核生物群落特征在不同的高寒草甸土壤中具有显著差异,了解其变化规律和影响因子,能为高寒草甸生态系统的适应性管理和应对气候变化提供理论依据。Microorganisms have important ecological functions in ecosystems. Studying the soil prokaryotic community composition of an alpine meadow in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and its key influencing factors would provide valuable information for revealing the special microbial flora of a unique geographical environment,and be useful for predicting global climate changes. In this study,the soil prokaryotic community compositions of an alpine swamp meadow and alpine meadow in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau were analyzed using an Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing technique. A total of 23145 prokaryotic OTUs were detected,phylogenetically derived from 2 archaeal and 33 known bacterial phyla. Soil advantage categories included Proteobacteria,Acidobacteria,Actinobacteria,and Bacteroidetes,accounting for > 79% ofthe all phyla in the two meadow types. The prokaryotic diversity was higher in the alpine meadow than in the alpine swamp meadow. The two meadow types had significantly different soil prokaryotic community characteristics( P < 0.001). Based on a molecular ecological network analysis,we found that the alpine meadow network had a longer average path distance and modularity than the alpine swamp meadow network,making it more resilient to environment changes with a higher stability in response to climate change. The results of the Canonical Correspondence Analysis( CCA) and molecular ecological network analysis showed that soil pH was the main factor affecting soil prokaryotic community structure. In conclusion,the composition of the soil microbial community is an important indicator for evaluating environmental responses to global climate change. Soil prokaryotic community characteristics have significant differences in different alpine meadow soils.Understanding the variation and influencing factors could provide a theoretical basis for adaptive management and response to climate change in alpine meadow ecosystems.

关 键 词：青藏高原 高通量测序 原核生物群落 高寒草甸 

分 类 号：S812.2[农业科学—草业科学]