大学生锻炼行为与锻炼效果的干预研究  

Intervention of college students' exercise behavior and exercise effect

作　　者：赵磊 陈文婧 高旭[2] ZHAO Lei;CHEN Wenjing;GAO Xu(Department of PE,Tianjin University of Commerce,Tianjin(300134),China)

机构地区：[1]天津商业大学体育教学部,天津300134 [2]东北师范大学体育学院

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2018年第11期1652-1654,1660,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：天津市教育科学规划课题项目(HE3016)

摘　　要：目的分析健康行动过程取向理论(Health Action Process Approach,HAPA)下大学生锻炼行为与锻炼效果的干预方法及效果,为大学生体质健康教育工作提供依据。方法 2016年1—12月随机抽取吉林大学767名参加体育课的学生完成相关问卷和身体素质测试,利用HAPA理论为引导对所有学生进行干预,比较学生干预前后锻炼行为和锻炼效果。结果干预后处于行动阶段的学生为281名(36.64%),高于干预前的179名(23.34)(P<0.05);无意向阶段学生为167名(21.77%),低于干预前的253名(32.99%)(P<0.05);干预前后学生的意向阶段人数差异无统计学意义。干预后不同HAPA阶段学生的锻炼行为和锻炼效果均高于干预前(P值均<0.05);干预前后行动阶段和意向阶段学生的锻炼行为和锻炼效果均高于无意向阶段学生,行动阶段均高于意向阶段(P值均<0.05)。结论 HAPA理论实施具有针对性的干预效果,可以有效提高大学生的锻炼行为水平和锻炼效果,且HAPA阶段为行动阶段学生的干预效果相对较好。Objective Toanalyze the intervention methods and effects of Health Action Process Approach (HAPA)on college students'xercise behavior and exercise effeet,and to provide a referenee for condueting physical health education among eellege students.Methods In this study from January to December 2016,767college students participating in PE class randomly selected from Jilin University were required to finish the relevant questionnaires.HAPA theory was used to instruct the intervention on all the students,and the exercise behavior and effects before and after the intervention were compared.Results The number of students in the operation stage after the intervention was 281(36.64%),significantly higher than that before intervention,179 (23.34)(P<0.05),the number of students without intention was 167(21.77%),significantly lower than that before 253(32.99%) (P<0.05),but there was no statistical significance in the differences of the students in the intentional stage before and after the intervention(P>0.05);the exercise behavior and effect of the students in different HAPA stages were greater before the intervention than after the intervention(P<0.05),and the exercise behavior and effect were greater in the action stage than the intention stage(P <0.05).Conclusion The targeted effect made'by the implementation of HAPA theory can effectively improve the level of college students'exercise behavior and exercise effect,and the intervention effect of HAPA stage for action stage students is relatively good.

关 键 词：身体锻炼 干预性研究 健康教育 学生 

分 类 号：G807.4[文化科学—体育训练]