湖南省2014—2017年0～14岁儿童死因分析  

Mortality among children aged 0-14 years in Hunan province during 2014 to 2017

作　　者：金东辉[1] 邓淑珍[2] 徐巧华[1] 刘源 JIN Donghui;DENG Shuzhen;XU Qiaohua;LIU Yuan(Hurtan Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.,Changsha(410005),China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省疾病预防控制中心慢病科,长沙410005 [2]云南省疾病预防控制中心学校卫生所

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2018年第11期1671-1674,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

摘　　要：目的了解湖南省0~14岁儿童的死亡现状、顺位以及原因,为更好地制定儿童疾病防控措施提供依据。方法利用湖南省死因监测网络报告的2014—2017年以人群为基础的监测资料,采用描述统计和χ2检验对儿童死亡监测报告结果进行分析,并评估潜在减寿年数(potential years of life lost,PYLL)。结果近4年湖南省共报告0~14岁儿童死亡19 399例,死亡率为39.27/10万,4年间死亡率总体呈下降趋势(χ_(趋势)~2=9.68,P<0.01);不同年龄组中0岁组婴儿死亡率最高(206.85/10万),其中出生后7 d和28 d婴儿死亡数分别占0岁组婴儿死亡总数的30.32%,47.50%;男女童比为1.18∶1;死因前3位为伤害、围生期疾病、先天异常;其中溺水是伤害死亡的首位原因(42.46%);死亡率排前3位的市州分别为怀化市(213.93/10万)、娄底市(206.56/10万)、株洲市(203.83/10万);早死指数从高到低依次为围生期疾病、先天异常、呼吸系统疾病、伤害和恶性肿瘤,14以下儿童的总人均PYLL为71.63年。结论湖南省0~14岁儿童死亡率有所下降。应根据死亡构成特点,采取多部门合作的方式,有针对性地实施儿童死亡干预措施。Objective To understand epidemiology and causes of death in children aged 0-14years in Hunan.Methods Data from the Death Monitoring Network for children under 14in Hunan province during 2014-2017was analyzed.Descriptive statistics and Chi square were used to describe the mortalities in children mortality monitoring results and'the potential years of life lost (PYLL)was assessed.Results A total of 19399deaths were reported among 0to 14years old children in Hunan province.The mortality rate was 39.27/100000.The overall mortality rate decreased in the past 4years.Infant mortality rate was the highest,among which infants aged 0-28days accounted for 77.82%.The ratio of boys to girls in mortality was 1.65:1.The top three causes of death were trauma and toxicosis,perinatal diseases and congenital abnormalities.Drowning was leading causes of death caused by injury.The city of Huaihua (213.93/100000),Loudi (206.56/100000)and Zhuzhou (203.83/100000)ranked the top three cit- ies with highest mortality.Index of early death was highest in perinatal diseases,followed by congenital abnormalities,respiratory diseases,injury and malignant tumors.The per PYLL of children under 14years old was 71.63.Conclusion Average mortality rate among 0-14years old children declined in Hunan province during 2014-2017.Effective child health interventions and community-based health promotion are needed to reduce child deaths in Hunan province.

关 键 词：死亡 死亡率 儿童 死亡原因 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] R181.3[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]