四川山地乌骨鸡黄羽系快、慢羽群体羽毛和体重的早期发育分析及基因型鉴定  

Early Development of Feather and Body Weight and Genotyping in Fast-and Slow-feather Populations of Yellow-feather Line of Sichuan Mountainous Black-bone Chicken

作　　者：钟成麟 王丽云 张小敏 朱庆[1] 王彦[1] 尹华东[1] 舒刚[2] 欧达亮 赵小玲[1] ZHONG Chenglin;WANG Liyun;ZHANG Xiaomin;ZHU Qing;WANG Yan;YIN Huadong;SHU Gang;OU Daliang;ZHAO Xiaoling(College of Animal Science and Technology,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu,Sichuan 611130;College of Veterinary Medicine,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu,Sichuan 611130;Luzhou Yongxing Poultry Breeding Co.,Ltd.,Luzhou,Sichuan 646000)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学动物科技学院,四川成都611130 [2]四川农业大学动物医学院,四川成都611130 [3]泸州市永兴家禽养殖有限公司,四川泸州646000

出　　处：《中国家禽》2018年第22期6-10,共5页China Poultry

基　　金：四川省科技厅"农业科技成果转化"项目(2018NZZJ003);四川农业大学创新训练计划项目(201610626054);2017年度四川农业大学新农村发展研究院雅安服务总站项目(名山区车岭镇石堰村优质鸡林下养殖技术开发与推广)

摘　　要：为了探明四川山地乌骨鸡黄羽系快、慢羽群体羽毛与体重早期发育的关系,试验测定了1～35日龄四川山地乌骨鸡黄羽系的主翼羽、覆主翼羽、尾羽羽毛长度及其体重并鉴定快、慢羽基因型。结果显示:四川山地乌骨鸡黄羽系在21日龄之前快羽鸡主翼羽长度显著或极显著长于慢羽鸡(P<0.05或P<0.01);整个试验周期中,3日龄快羽鸡的覆主翼羽显著长于慢羽鸡(P<0.05),而在14和21日龄等长慢羽鸡的覆主翼羽显著长于快羽鸡和典型慢羽鸡(P<0.05);快、慢羽鸡14日龄开始出现尾羽,在14、21和28日龄,快羽鸡的尾羽显著长于慢羽鸡(P<0.05),35日龄等长型慢羽鸡的尾羽显著长于典型慢羽鸡(P<0.05);5日龄等长慢羽鸡体重显著高于快羽鸡(P<0.05),14日龄典型慢羽鸡的体重显著大于快羽鸡(P<0.05),21日龄之后典型慢羽鸡体重显著高于等长慢羽鸡和快羽鸡(P<0.05);表型鉴定为慢羽的群体中有5只基因型鉴定为快羽,表型鉴定为快羽的群体基因型鉴定均为快羽,基因型鉴定结果与表型鉴定吻合率达91.7%。研究表明,通过主翼羽与覆主翼羽的相对长度及基因型鉴定,可在1日龄有效判断四川山地乌骨鸡黄羽系快、慢羽个体,结果为建立四川山地乌骨鸡黄羽系快、慢羽亚系奠定了基础。In order to find out the relationship between the difference in feather development and body weight of fast-and slow-feather populations of yellow-feather line of Sichuan Mountainous Black-bone chickens, the length of covert, primary and tail feather, and body weight of fast-and slow-feather populations were measured and genotyped.The results showed that the primary length of fast-feather chicken was significantly longer than that of slow-feather chicken before 21 days of age(P<0.05 or P<0.01). At 3 days of age, the covert of fast-feather chicken was significantly longer than that of slow-feather chicken(P<0.05), while at 14 and 21 days of age, the covert of slow-feather chicken was significantly longer than fast-feather and typical slow-feather chickens, respectively(P<0.05); The tail feather of fastand slow-feather chickens began to appear at 14 days of age. At 14, 21 and 28 days of age, the tail feather of fast-feather chicken was significantly longer than that of slow-feather chicken(P<0.05). The tail feather of 35-day-age isometric slow-feather chicken was significantly longer than that of typical slow-feather chicken(P<0.05); At 5 days of age, body weight of slow-feather chicken was significantly higher than that of fast-feather chicken(P<0.05). Body weight of typical slow-feather chicken at 14 days of age was significantly higher than that of fast-feather chicken(P<0.05). After 21 days of age, body weight of typical slow-feather chicken was significantly higher than that of isometric slow-feather and fast-feather chickens(P<0.05). Five slow-feather chicks were genotypically identified as fast-feather ones, and fast-feather ones were genotypically identified as fast-feather ones, and the coincidence rate of phenotype and genotype was 91.7%. It′s concluded that there could effectively identity the feather status of Sichuan Mountainous Black-bone chicken at one day of age by analyzing the relative length of the coverts and primaries and scanning genotypes. The results laid the foundation of establishing the

关 键 词：四川山地乌骨鸡 快羽 慢羽 主翼羽 覆主翼羽 尾羽 体重 

分 类 号：S831.2[农业科学—畜牧学]