拟柱孢藻(Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii)入侵对水生态系统群落结构和物种多样性的影响  

The impacts of Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii invasion on community structure and species diversity of aquatic ecosystem

作　　者：李红敏[1] 孙炯明[1] 张莎莎 金岩[1] 徐杭州 裴海燕[1,2] LI Hong-min;SUN Jiong-ming;ZHANG Sha-sha;JIN Yah;XU Hang-zhou;PEI Hal-yan(School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Shandong University,Jinan 250100,China;Shandong Provincial Engineering Center on Envi-ronmental Science and Technology,Jinan 250061,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学环境科学与工程学院,济南250100 [2]山东省环境科学工程技术研究中心,济南250061

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2018年第12期3757-3768,共12页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51478251);国家自然科学基金优秀青年科学基金项目(51322811)资助

摘　　要：由于全球气候变暖及水体富营养化程度的加剧,拟柱孢藻(Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii)逐渐由热带、亚热带地区向温带地区扩散,并在全球众多水体中占优势,甚至形成水华。拟柱孢藻的大量增殖不仅影响当地水生态系统的群落结构和物种多样性,破坏水生态系统平衡,其产生的有毒代谢物质还会在生物富集和食物链传递作用下,最终对人类和其他动物造成威胁。本文系统评估了拟柱孢藻的入侵和繁殖对当地水生态系统群落结构和物种多样性造成的潜在影响,分析了拟柱孢藻入侵对水生生物多样性的影响机制。拟柱孢藻入侵对水生态系统的影响不仅取决于拟柱孢藻自身特性及其入侵情况,还与当地水生态系统的环境因子和物种组成有关。因此,不同地域和时间范围内,拟柱孢藻入侵的生态后果有显着差异。在一定的环境条件下,拟柱孢藻主要通过种间竞争作用、生态毒性作用及对水生细菌群落的调节作用等途径,影响本地水生态系统的物种组成和生物多样性。最后,针对拟柱孢藻入侵的生态后果、生物间相互作用及有效防控等热点问题进行了展望,为全面认识拟柱孢藻入侵对水生态系统的影响提供理论依据。Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii has gradually spread from the tropic and subtropic regions to temperate regions due to the global warming and water eutrophication.C.raciborskii can dominate in many water bodies and develop blooms,which has received widespread attention. The massive proliferation of C.raciborskii affects community structure and species diversity of local aquatic ecosystem and destroys the balance of ecosystem.Furthermore,the toxic metabolites released from C.raciborskii will pose severe threats to human and other animals via bioaccumula- tion and food chain transmission.In this review,we systematically evaluated the potential impacts of C.raciborskii invasion and proliferation on the community structure and species diversity of local aquatic ecosystems as well as the underlying mechanism.The impacts of C.raciborskii inva- sion on aquatic ecosystems not only depended on the characteristics of C.raciborskii strain and its invasive situations,but also were related to the environmental factors and species composition of local aquatic ecosystems.Therefore,ecological consequences of the same C.raciborskii species's invasion can vary spatially and temporally.Under certain environmental conditions,C.raciborskii could naffect species composition and biodiversity of native aquatic ecosystems mainly through its strong interspecific competition,ecotoxicitv to other aauatic organisms as well as its regulation to aquatic bacterial communities.Finally,future studies were prospected in allusion to some hotspot problems,such as the ecological consequences of invasion,the biotic interactions and the effec- tive prevention and control,which would provide a theoretical basis for comprehensively under- standing the impacts of invasion on aquatic ecosystems.

关 键 词：拟柱孢藻 水生态系统 群落结构 物种多样性 影响机制 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X171.1