大断面泥质巷道顶板离层突变垮冒演化相似模拟实验研究  

Similarity simulation experimental study on abrupt collapse of roof separation in large cross-section argillaceous roadway

作　　者：赵启峰[1,2] 张农[1] 彭瑞 李桂臣[1] 张科学 韩昌良[1] 石建军[2] ZHAO Qifeng;ZHANG Nong;PENG Rui;LI Guichen;ZHANG Kexue;HAN Changliang;SHI Jianjun(Key Laboratory of Deep Coal Resource Mining,Ministry of Education,School of Mines,China University of Mining &Technology,Xuzhou,Jiangsu221116,China;Key Laboratory of Mine Disaster Prevention and Control of Hebei Province,North China Institute of Science and Technology,Sanhe,Hebei 065201,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学深部煤炭资源开采教育部重点实验室,矿业工程学院,江苏徐州221116 [2]华北科技学院矿井灾害防治河北省重点实验室,河北三河065201

出　　处：《采矿与安全工程学报》2018年第6期1107-1114,共8页Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0603001);中央高校基本科研业务费项目(3142017087,3142015087);河北省自然科学基金项目(E2016508003);河北省高等学校科学技术研究项目(QN2018302);国家自然科学基金项目(51804119,51574224,51404251)

摘　　要：针对大断面泥质软弱夹层巷道掘进顶板离层失稳垮冒控制难题和现有离层相似模拟实验装置存在的不足,根据精密位移传感原理自主研制了巷道顶板离层模拟实验监测装置,并对该监测装置进行可靠性综合测试。结果表明:位移传感器监测形变量与相似模拟巷道开挖离层量呈良好线性关系,测量误差控制在±2%。通过平朔矿区大断面泥质巷道掘进顶板离层相似模拟实验,研究了顶板离层渐进发育至突变致灾演化全过程并提出离层安全临界值节点判据,研究表明:1)离层划分为渐变趋稳型离层和突变致灾型离层2类;2)离层渐进发育至突变致灾演化全过程可划分为裂隙发育离层孕育、离层急剧扩展、离层渐进趋稳和离层突变垮冒4个阶段;3)离层值达到渐变趋稳临界值之前,即刻进行合理补强支护能维持巷道围岩稳定,若仅依靠现有支护方式,当离层值达到突变致灾临界值后,巷道将发生失稳垮冒事故。巷道顶板离层模拟实验监测装置及实验结果为潜在失稳巷道离层突变失稳判据及合理补强支护时机的确定提供了实验条件和决策参考。In view of controlling difficulty of abrupt collapse of roof separation in large cross-section argillaceous roadway and defects of the existing similarity simulation experiment device for roof separation, according to the precise displacement sensing principle, a simulation experiment device monitoring roadway roof separation was developed. The reliability test of the roof separation monitoring device shows that the deformation detected by the displacement sensor and the roof separation of similarity simulation roadway have a good linear correlation, and the measurement error is controlled at ±2%.By this approach, the evolution process of roof separation and catastrophic collapse of large cross-section argillaceous roadway focusing on the Pingshuo coal field was analyzed, and the safety criterion was proposed. The results show that: 1) The process of the roof separation can be defined as two types, namely the gradually stabilizing separation and the abrupt catastrophic separation. 2) Along the development process, the roof separation can be divided into four stages, i.e., the fissure development and separation inoculation, the rapid expansion of the separation, gradual stabilization and abrupt catastrophic collapse. 3) Before the roof separation value reaches the gradual stabilization threshold, reasonable and immediate supplement support can maintain the stability of surrounding rock. If only relying on the existing support methods, the collapse accident will occur in the roadway when the separation value reaches the critical value of abrupt catastrophic separation. The similar simulation device and experimental results provide experimental conditions and decision reference for the study of the mechanism of roof separation instability criterion of potential unstable roadway and the determination of reasonable supplement support time.

关 键 词：大断面泥质巷道 软弱分层顶板 离层突变垮冒 相似模拟 离层临界值 

分 类 号：TD353[矿业工程—矿井建设]