先天性心脏病患儿术后神经智力发育测试  

Observation of neuropsychological development status in children after surgical treatment of congenital heart diseases

作　　者：林栓同 梁影 王小龙[1] 魏新广 姚婧鑫[1] 李巅远[1] 张浩[1] 龙村[1] 姜福清[1] 管玉龙[1] Lin Shuantong;Liang Ying;Wang Xiaolong;Wei Xinguang;Yao Jingxin;Li Dianyuan;Zhang Hao;Long Cun;Jiang Fu-qing;Guan Yulong(Department of Extracorporeal Circulation,State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease,Fuwai Hospital,National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100037,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院,北京协和医学院,国家心血管病中心,心血管疾病国家重点实验室,阜外医院体外循环科,100037

出　　处：《中华胸心血管外科杂志》2018年第11期683-687,共5页Chinese Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81170233),教育部留学回国人员科研启动基金(2013-LH01).

摘　　要：目的通过检测先天性心脏病(先心病)患儿术后神经智力发育状况,分析影响神经智力发育的围手术期因素。方法对89例先心病术后门诊复查患儿及90例相同年龄段正常儿童进行神经智力发育测评。将先心病患儿分为简单先心病组(RACHS-1评分≤2级)和复杂先心病组(RACHS-1评分≥3级),分组进行儿心量表各项目评估分析,并与正常儿童进行对比;分析患儿围手术期指标与神经智力发育的相关性。结果正常儿童神经智力发育情况优于先心病组患儿(P<0.05)。简单先心病组患儿发育商优于复杂先心病组患儿(P<0.05),与正常儿童发育商分布类似(P=0.420)。复杂先心病组患儿发育商值处于中等程度以下的比例(18/36,50.0%)高于简单先心病组患儿(15/53,28.3%,P=0.032)和正常儿童(17/90,18.9%,P<0.001)。多元回归分析提示先心病患儿接受手术治疗时低月龄与神经智力发育落后相关性显著(P<0.05)。术前血浆尿素氮(BUN)降低、肌酐(cr)升高以及术中体外循环(CPB)延长与神经智力发育落后存在相关性(P<0.05)。结论复杂先心病组患儿存在明显神经智力发育落后。手术治疗时月龄、术前BUN值、术前cr值以及术中CPB与先心病患儿远期神经智力发育具有相关性。Objective To observe neuropsychological development status in children after surgical treatment of congenital heart diseases(CHDs)and analyze the risk factors. Methods 89 children who received outpatient review in Fuwai Hospital from September 2015 to March 2016 after surgical treatment of CHDs were recruited in this study and 90 normal children were recruited as the control group. The children with CHDs were divided into simple CHDs group(RACHS- 1 score≤2)and com-plex CHDs group(RACHS- 1 score≥3)according to RACHS- 1 classification. Neuropsychological development status was meas-ured according to pediatric-psychological mental test scale developed by Capital institute of pediatrics,Beijing and statistical a-nalysis was compared. Results The measurements of neuropsychological development showed the normal children behaved better than the children with CHDs(P < 0. 05). The simple CHDs group achieved better distribution of development quotient than complex CHDs group(P = 0. 032)and there was no difference between the normal control group and simple CHDs group (P = 0. 420). Multivariate regression analysis indicated that younger age at cardiac surgery,lower preoperative blood urea ni-trogen(BUN),higher preoperative creatinine(Cr)and prolonged duration of cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB)accounted for low-er scores in the test scale(P < 0. 05). Conclusion Distinct neuropsychological difficulties could be present especially in chil-dren with complex CHDs. Younger age at cardiac surgery,preoperative BUN,Cr and CPB duration were perioperative factors that were associated with long-time neuropsychological development.

关 键 词：先天性心脏病 婴幼儿 神经智力发育 心脏手术 

分 类 号：R726.5[医药卫生—儿科]