滁菊定植模式的研究  

Study of the Patterns of Chuzhou Chrysanthemum morifolium Engraftment

作　　者：于云霞 管志勇[1] 陈发棣[1] 房伟民[1] 陈素梅[1] 张飞[1] YU Yun-xia;GUAN Zhi-yong;CHEN Fa-di;FANG Wei-min;CHEN Su-mei;ZHAN GFei(College of Horticulture,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学园艺学院,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《中药材》2018年第2期250-255,共6页Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201403039)

摘　　要：目的:探讨不同定植时期、不同定植密度以及不同次数摘心处理对滁菊产量与品质的影响,为滁菊的产业化栽培提供依据。方法:采用5个定植期、3个定植密度共15个处理以及3种摘心方案进行滁菊的栽培试验,定植期分别为5月4日(A1)、5月17日(A2)、5月31日(A3)、6月9日(A4)、6月24日(A5);定植密度株行距分别为40 cm×40 cm(B1)、50 cm×50 cm(B2)、60 cm×60 cm(B3);摘心方案分别为自然生长、摘心1次、摘心2次。分别于现蕾期、盛花期测量株高、冠幅、茎粗、一级分枝数、二级分枝数及植株老化程度,于收获期统计一茬花数、二茬花数、三茬花数、无效花蕾数并进行单株计产以比较不同栽培措施对滁菊生长及产量的影响。结果:随着定植期的推移,株高和冠幅有下降趋势,A4和A5两个定植期的株高和冠幅显著小于A1、A2和A3定植期,A1、A2和A3之间株丛的冠幅差异不显著;定植期为A2和A3,定植密度为B2时单株产量、花的品质最高,而定植密度为B1时亩产量最高。经过2次摘心的滁菊,二级分枝数显著增加,株型更加紧凑,单株产量最高。结论:定植时期在5月17日至5月31日之间,定植密度株行距为40 cm×40 cm,摘心2次,滁菊的亩产量最高;定植期不变,定植密度株行距为50 cm×50cm时,单株产量最大,总体品质最佳。两种栽培方案可在滁菊的生产上供选用、推广。Objective:To study the affect of different engraftment period,different planting density and different number of pick heart treatment on the yield and quality of Chuzhou Chrysanthemum morifolium,to provide a basis for the industrialization of Chuzhou Chrysanthemum morifolium cultivation.Methods:The experiment used five kinds of planting date,three kinds of planting density,with 15 process in total and three kinds of topping program for Chuzhou Chrysanthemum morifolium cultivation test.The planting date was May 4(A1),May 17(A2),May 31(A3),June 9(A4)and June 24(A5),respectively;The planting density was 40 cm×40 cm(B1),50 cm× 50 cm(B2)and 60 cm× 60 cm(B3), respectively.The topping numbers on flowering were 0,1 and 2 times,respectively.The plant height,crown breadth,stem diameter,a number of branches,the secondary branch number,dead leaves were measured in the present bud stage and the flowering stage,respectively.Harvested in the full-bloom stage,the number of a crop of flowers,second crop flowers,three crops flowers and invalid bud were counted,the number of flowers per plant and the yield per plant were compared.Results:The results showed that,with the passage of planting patters,the plant height and crown breadth showed the declining tendency,the plant height and crown breadth of planting date A4 and A5 was significantly less than planting date A1,A2 and A3,there was no significant difference between planting date A1,A2 and A3;the planting period was A2 and A3,when the planting density was B2,the yield of single plant and the quality of flower were the highest,while the planting density was B1,achieved the highest yield per Mu.Topping numbers on flowering of twice,secondary branch number increased significantly;compact plant type was more low,the yield per plant was the highest.Conclusion: The mu yield that plant on May 17 and May 31 with the planting density of 40 cm×40 cm and topping numbers on flowering twice is the highest.The yield per plant and the quality of flowers that planted on May 17 and May 31wit

关 键 词：滁菊 定植期 定植密度 摘心次数 产量 

分 类 号：R282.2[医药卫生—中药学]