城中村拆迁对原住民社会阶层变化的影响——以武汉市为例  

The Impact of Demolition on the Social Class Change of Indigenous Villagers in Urban Villages: A Case Study of Wuhan City

作　　者：杨青 蔡银莺 YANG Qing;CAI Yinying(College of Public Administration,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学公共管理学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《中国土地科学》2018年第10期36-42,共7页China Land Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41371519;71573099);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2014RW013)

摘　　要：研究目的:基于对武汉市洪山区两个已拆迁城中村原住民的调研数据,分析拆迁对原住民社会阶层变化的影响,为维护社会稳定、缩小贫富差距、完善城中村治理提供基础资料。研究方法:采用潜在类别分析方法在软件LatentGold 4.5中进行客观分层模型和住房分层模型估计,归纳拆迁前后社会客观阶层与住房阶层结构的特征与变化。研究结果:拆迁前社会客观结构为中间大、两头小的"橄榄型",拆迁后中间退休阶层与零工底层群体融合形成新的零工退休阶层,客观社会阶层类别减少,社会分层趋于同质化,阶层分化减弱。拆迁后城中村居民住房的绝对价值均有所提高,住房价值整体的不平等差异减弱,而各个客观阶层内部住房价值的非均衡性均有所增加,阶层间的住房价值差距也随着拆迁而扩大。住房分层与社会客观分层存在较为复杂的关系,前者未打破人们原有的社会客观位置而重构社会阶层,但也并未与客观分层表现为完全的一致性,而是不同客观阶层的住房价值分布特征各不相同。研究结论:未来应重视拆迁对城中村居民的住房财产、社会阶层等各方面的影响,针对城中村社会阶层结构的特征探寻规范化、差别化且能够兼顾效率与公平的拆迁补偿制度,以缓和阶层矛盾。The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of the demolition on the changes of the indigenous villagers' social strata.The latent class cluster model was used to estimate the objective stratification and the housing value stratification with the software Latent Gold 4.5.The results showed social stratification of indigenous villagers presented an olive-type structure consisting of 3 classes.The number of social objective classes decreased after the demolition,but the absolute value of housing and the unbalanced housing value within the objective class increased.Also,the demolition has widened the inequalities in the value of housing among all classes.There is a complex relationship between housing value classes and the objective classes.The former does not break the objective position and reconstruct social strata, but it does not appear to be completely consistent with the objective stratification.In conclusion,attention should be paid to the impact of demolition on housing properties and social strata in urban villages.A standardized and differentiated demolition compensation system should be explored for the characteristics of the social class structure in urban villages.

关 键 词：土地经济 社会分层 潜在类别聚类模型 拆迁 城中村 

分 类 号：F301.2[经济管理—产业经济]