粉红椋鸟鸟巢结构和迁离时间防治草原蝗虫效果分析  

Effect of Pink Starlings Nest Struction and Migrating Time on Grasshoppers Management

作　　者：杜桂林[1,2] 赵海龙[1] 马崇勇 涂雄兵 张泽华[1] DU Gulhn;ZHAO Hallong;MA Chongyong;TU Xlongblng;ZHANG Zehua(State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests/Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China;National Animal Husbandry Service,Beijing 100125,China;Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Grassland Workstation,Hohehot 010011)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所/植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室,北京100193 [2]全国畜牧总站,北京100125 [3]内蒙古自治区草原工作站,呼和浩特010011

出　　处：《中国生物防治学报》2018年第6期923-926,共4页Chinese Journal of Biological Control

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-34-07B);"十二五"农村领域国家科技计划(2012BAD19B0110)

摘　　要：人工招引粉红椋鸟控制蝗害是一种生物防蝗的重要手段,鸟巢结构以及粉红椋鸟迁离时间均影响其对蝗虫的防治效果。本文通过调查新疆地区不同结构的鸟巢中粉红椋鸟数量及其对鸟巢利用率,并结合粉红椋鸟迁离时间分析其对蝗虫的防控能力。结果表明,在调查的16个蝗虫发生区内,不同结构鸟巢招引效果为砖巢>石巢>天然鸟巢,砖巢、石巢和天然鸟巢招引效果分别为74.8%、71.9%和66.5%。分析粉红椋鸟迁离时间对蝗虫种群密度影响,成鸟迁离前对蝗虫的防控效果平均达58.4%,幼鸟迁离前对蝗虫的防控效果为88.8%。本文为进一步利用粉红椋鸟防治草原蝗虫提供重要理论依据。Pink starlings are being introduced artificially for the biological control of grasshoppers. Nest structure and migration time of pink starlings may affect the population of grasshoppers, and could be helpful to control this insect pest. In this paper, the nests number and nest utilization rate of three different structure nests, and the migration time of pink starlings population were investigated in Xinjiang Province. Results showed that nests were made of bricks can attract about 74.8% birds, while the stone nest and the natural nest can only attract about 71.9% and 66.5% birds respectively. We concluded the effect of migration time on grasshopper population density, and results showed that it prevented about 58.4% grasshoppers before adult birds migration, while the grasshopper mortality can achieve to 88.8% before young birds migration. This study provides an important theoretical basis for the grasshopper management incorporating with pink starlings in the target region.

关 键 词：蝗虫 粉红椋鸟 鸟巢利用率 防效 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]