电炉粉尘锌元素回收利用基础分析  

Basic analysis on recovery and utilization of zinc in EAF dust

作　　者：李洋 张建良[1] 袁骧 王飞 王桂林 刘征建[1] LI Yang;ZHANG Jian-liang;YUAN Xiang;WANG Fei;WANG Gui-lin;LIU Zheng-jian(School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering,University of Science and TechnoIogy Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Ironmaking Plant,Xiangtan Iron and Steel Co.,Ltd.of Hunan Valin,Xiangtan 411101,Hunan,China;Ironmaking Group,.Institute of Research of Iron and Steel,Shasteel/Jiangsu,Zhangjiagang 215625,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院,北京100083 [2]湖南华菱湘潭钢铁有限公司炼铁厂,湖南湘潭411101 [3]江苏省(沙钢)钢铁研究院铁前研究室,江苏张家港215625

出　　处：《中国冶金》2018年第11期16-24,共9页China Metallurgy

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(FRF-BR-16-026A);国家重点研发计划专项资助项目(2017YFB0304300,2017YFB0304302)

摘　　要：通过对电炉粉尘进行化学成分、物相结构、粒度组成、颗粒形貌等基础物性进行分析,可知电炉粉尘中锌元素主要以铁酸锌(ZnFe2O4)形式存在,相较于ZnO而言ZnFe2O4不易还原,给电炉粉尘中锌的回收造成了困难。采用ZnO和Fe2O3化学纯试剂制备纯ZnFe2O4,通过XRD、DSC和SEM-EDS等方法对ZnFe2O4的碳热还原机理进行分析,探讨了温度和还原剂种类对ZnFe2O4碳热还原的影响。结果表明,ZnFe2O4的碳热还原分为3个阶段,即ZnFe2O4分解段、氧化锌还原段和铁氧化物还原段,第1阶段主要为ZnFe2O4的分解反应,第2阶段主要为ZnO的还原反应,并伴随少量铁氧化物的还原反应,第3阶段主要为铁氧化物还原和碳气化反应;在反应初期,煤粉转化率大于石墨,而在反应后期则相反。The chemical composition,phase structure,particle size distribution and granule morphology analysis results of EAF dust indicate that zinc in EAF dust mainly exists in the form of zinc ferrite,which is more difficult to be reduced than ZnO and leads to the difficult recovery of the zinc in EAF dust.To study the carbothermal reduction mechanism of zinc ferrite,ZnO and Fe2O3 chemical pure reagents were used to prepare pure zinc ferrite.Through the methods of XRD,DSC and SEM-EDS,the carbon thermal reduction mechanism of zinc ferrite was analyzed,and the effect of temperature and carbon source on the carbothermal reduction process was discussed.Results show that the carbothermal reduction process of zinc ferrite could be divided into three stages:decomposition of zinc ferrite,reduction of zinc oxides and the reduction of a small amount of iron oxides.The first stage was mainly the decomposition reaction of zinc ferrite,and the second stage was the reduction of zinc oxides accompanied by the reduction of some iron oxides.The third stage was the reduction of iron oxides and gasification of carbon.The conversion rate of coal powder was greater than that of graphite at the initial reaction stage,while the trend was opposite in the later stage.

关 键 词：电炉粉尘 铁酸锌 碳热还原 回收利用 

分 类 号：X757[环境科学与工程—环境工程]