人称指别在汉语中的语言实现  

Personal reference and its linguistic realization in Chinese

作　　者：成军[1] CHENG Jun

机构地区：[1]西南大学

出　　处：《外语教学理论与实践》2018年第4期19-25,共7页Foreign Language Learning Theory And Practice

基　　金：重庆市人文社会科学重点基地(西南大学外国语言学与外语教育研究中心)重点项目(16SKB050);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(SWU1009008)资助;国家社会科学基金重大项目"认知语言学理论建设与汉语的认知研究"(15ZDB099)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：人称指别是对言语行为参与者在言语事件中的身份角色(即"说话者"与"受话者")予以识别与确认的过程,在语言系统中有不同的语言实现方式。本文尝试对人称指别在汉语中的语言实现方式作出系统描写。文章从逻辑入手区分人称指别"语言实现"的三种方式:绝对实现、羡余实现、匮缺实现。绝对实现获得语法化程度极高的代词类通称指别语,羡余实现获得语义凝固性较高的熟语类人称指别语,匮缺实现则获得临时的语用人称指别语。此三类人称指别语不仅在语义结构与语义特征上有明显差异,它们在语法化程度上也不一致,在语言系统中各自具有不同性质的语法地位。This paper aims to present a systematic description and triple taxonomy of the personal references in Chinese.The author employs the concept of"realization"proposed in syntax-semantic interface research as an analytic instrument for the study at hand,distinguishing logically three forms of realization,i.e.,absolute realization,redundant realization,and deficient realization,which are established as descriptive models used for characterizing the semantic structure of personal references. The research shows Chinese personal references fall into three subcategories: pronominal personal references,idiomatic personal references,and pragmatic personal references. These three subcategories differ greatly not only in their semantic structures and semantic properties,but also in their degree of grammaticalization,attributing to a systematic disparity of grammatical status among them.

关 键 词：人称指别 说话者 受话者 语言实现 

分 类 号：H14[语言文字—汉语]