城市环廊隧道多种排烟方式组合排烟效果试验  

Experiment of Smoke Control Performance of Hybrid Ventilation Strategy in Urban Traffic Link Tunnel

作　　者：阳东[1] 张众杰 刘英利 YANG Dong;ZHANG Zhong-jie;LIU Ying-li(Faculty of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400045,China;Kunming Survey,Design and Research Institute Co.Ltd.of CREEC,Kunming 650000,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学城市建设与环境工程学院,重庆400045 [2]中国中铁二院昆明勘察设计研究院有限责任公司,云南昆明650000

出　　处：《中国公路学报》2018年第11期113-120,共8页China Journal of Highway and Transport

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0800603)

摘　　要：考虑到城市环廊隧道(Urban Traffic Link Tunnel, UTLT)事故通风和火灾烟气控制的难度,为了给其提供防排烟优化设计方案,采用CO_2为示踪气体,对隧道单独采用横向排烟方式时的排烟、排热效率进行考查。对射流风机纵向排烟配合轴流风机集中排烟、射流风机纵向排烟配合排烟井自然排烟2种组合排烟方式在UTLT中的效果进行研究。结果表明:在UTLT中单独使用横向排烟时,随着排烟量的提高,排烟、排热效率增长趋于缓慢;增大横向排烟量会增加风机房与管道的占地面积,可能在城市核心区使用时遇到困难;采用火源上游射流风机纵向排烟与火源下游轴流风机集中排烟配合的方案,在轴流风机排烟量不变的情况下,仅仅依靠轴流风机的驱动力难以抑制烟气往火源上游蔓延;需要借助射流风机营造的纵向气流配合,但纵向风速过大又会加剧烟气向下游分支蔓延;采用火源上游射流风机纵向排烟与火源下游竖井自然排烟配合的方案,在纵向风速一定的情况下,须合理设置排烟井的截面尺寸与高度。Reduced-scale experiments were performed to investigate the optimal smoke control strategy in urban traffic link tunnels (UTLTs)by considering the challenges posed by the emergency ventilation and smoke control systems in these tunnels.The smoke and heat extraction efficiencies of a transverse ventilation system were examined via a tracer gas method.Moreover, the effects of two types of hybrid smoke control modes were investigated.The first method was the longitudinal ventilation combined with point extraction method,and the second was the longitudinal ventilation combined with natural smoke exhaust.The results indicate that,if only the transverse ventilation system is adopted,both smoke and heat extraction efficiencies increase slowly with the extraction flow rate.Therefore,a high smoke extraction rate is required for the transverse ventilation system in UTLTs,and the requisite equipment may occupy large areas in the urban core districts.When the longitudinal ventilation combined with point extraction is adopted,it is difficult to prevent smoke from spreading into the upstream side of the fire using only the force of the axial flow fan;however,if the longitudinal ventilation flow is too strong, smoke would spread into the downstream branches as well.In the case of the combination of longitudinal ventilation and natural smoke exhaust shaft,the natural ventilation shaft sizes should be set appropriately.The key parameters of the two hybrid smoke control modes mentioned herein are proposed as design references.

关 键 词：隧道工程 组合式排烟 缩尺寸试验 城市环廊隧道 火灾烟气 排烟策略 

分 类 号：U492.83[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]