苯醚甲环唑和嘧菌酯对家蚕的生长发育毒性  

Toxicity of difenoconazole and azoxystrobin on the growth and development of Bombyx mori

作　　者：莫秀芳 李星翰 王晓岚 尹晓辉[1] MO Xiufang;LI Xinghan;WANG Xiaolan;YIN Xiaohui(Agricultural and Food Science College,Zhejiang A &F University,Hangzhou 311300,China;College of Agriculture,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学农业与食品科学学院,杭州311300 [2]华南农业大学农学院,广州510642

出　　处：《农药学学报》2018年第6期758-764,共7页Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金(LY14B070014)

摘　　要：为评价在桑园及周围农田使用10%苯醚甲环唑水分散粒剂(WG)和250g/L嘧菌酯悬浮剂(SC)对家蚕的影响,采用浸叶法对2龄起家蚕连续喂食染毒桑叶,测定了2种药剂对家蚕的急性毒性及生长发育毒性。急性试验结果表明,10%苯醚甲环唑wG和250g/L嘧菌酯SC对2龄起蚕的96h-LC50值分别为353.58和498.66mg/L。生长发育毒性试验结果表明:10%苯醚甲环唑WG最高剂量(200mg/L)和最低剂量(50mg/L)组对2~4龄家蚕的发育历期均有显著影响,但随着龄期增长其影响逐渐减弱;250g/L嘧菌酯SC可使家蚕幼虫发育历期明显延长,发育严重不齐,其最高剂量组(250mg/L)试虫死亡率显著高于平均水平,不同龄期试虫的发育历期及眠蚕体重与对照组相比均差异显著,对个体生长发育水平影响明显,并出现了未结茧即化蛹的现象。虽然10%苯醚甲环唑WG和250g/L嘧菌酯SC对家蚕均为低毒、低风险性,但其对家蚕的发育历期、眠蚕体重、繁殖力及其他主要经济学性状等指标均可产生不同程度的影响,因此,桑蚕养殖区在使用这2种杀菌剂时也应注意避免污染桑叶,以免给蚕业生产造成损失。In order to evaluate the influence of 10%difenoconazole water dispersible granule (WG)and 250g/L azoxystrobin suspension concentrate (SC)on silkworms in mulberry gardens and surrounding agricultural fields,the acute toxicity and developmental toxicity were investigated in laboratory by exposing both fungicides to silkworm,Bombyx moril.The 2^nd instar larvae of silkworm was continuously fed with leaves exposed to fungicides.The results of acute toxicity showed that the 96h- LC50for the 2nd instar larvae to 10%difenoconazole WG and 250g/L azoxystrobin SC were 353.58mg/L and 498.66mg/L,respectively.The results of the development toxicity experiments showed that the highest dose (200mg/L)and the lowest dose (50mg/L)of 10%difenoconazole WG had significantly effect on the development duration of the 2^nd-4^th instars larvae of silkworm,however the influence gradually became less obvious with instar.250g/L azoxystrobin SC had significantly effect on silkworms.The development duration of larvae was prolonged,and the development was seriously irregularity.The mortality of high concentration group (250mg/L)was significantly above the average. Compared with the control,the development duration and the weight of molting silkworm larvae had obvious differences.In addition,the pupal stage without cocooning was observed.Although 10% difenoconazole WG and 250g/L azoxystrobin SC have low toxicity and low risk to silkworm,they can influence the development duration,silkworm weight,fecundity and other major economic traits of silkworm.Therefore,when using these two fungicides in silkworm area,to control the loss of silkworm production,mulberry leaf pollution should be avoided.

关 键 词：苯醚甲环唑 嘧菌酯 水分散粒剂 悬浮剂 家蚕 急性毒性 生长发育毒性 

分 类 号：TQ450.261[化学工程—农药化工] S482.2[农业科学—农药学]