小花南芥与玉米间作对Pb化学形态及富集特征的影响  

Effects of intercropping of Arabis alpina L. var.parviflora Franch and Zea mays L. on chemical speciation and accumulation characteristics of Pb

作　　者：王吉秀 李想[1] 李祖然 祖艳群[1] 湛方栋[1] 秦丽[1] 李博[1] WANG Jixiu;LI Xiang;LI Zuran;ZU Yanqun;ZHAN Fangdong;QIN Li;LI Bo(College of Resources and Environment,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China;College of Horticulture and Landscape,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学资源与环境学院,昆明650201 [2]云南农业大学园林园艺学院,昆明650201

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2018年第12期3456-3467,共12页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41761073);云南农业大学自然科学青年基金资助项目(2015ZR06);云南省农田无公害生产创新团队资助项目(2017HC015)

摘　　要：间作植物根与根之间的相互作用影响根际土壤理化性质。目前关于超富集植物与作物间作根际土壤pH是否引起Pb赋存形态的变化,不同赋存形态与超富集植物和作物富集Pb的差异机理尚不清楚。设置不同Pb处理浓度,小花南芥和玉米间作、单作为对照的土培实验。随着Pb处理浓度增加,间作小花南芥生物量显著增加,范围为19.00%～181.08%,Pb富集系数为2.78,显著增加74.02%,转运系数为1.46,变化不显著,其中Pb含量显著增加25%。Pb赋存形态主要以难溶态果酸盐、蛋白质和磷酸盐结合态存在,约占总量的50%,间作显著降低小花南芥根际土壤溶液、根和茎叶中的pH;间作玉米生物量随着Pb处理浓度先显著增加后降低,增加范围为18.59%～49.48%,Pb富集系数平均为0.53,显著降低34.57%,转运系数平均为0.56,显著降低12.51%,Pb赋存形态以草酸盐结合态存在,约占30%,间作显著增加玉米根际土壤溶液、根和茎叶中的p H。揭示间作改变2种植物根际土壤溶液、根和茎叶中的pH,从而引起Pb化学形态不同,这是导致超富集植物小花南芥吸收富集Pb,降低玉米体内Pb的主要原因。The interaction between roots of intercropping plants affects the physicochemical properties of rhizosphere soil.At present,whether the pH in rhizosphere soil of hyperaccumulator and crop intercropping triggers the change of Pb occurrence pattern,the difference mechanisms between occurrence patterns and Pb accumulation of hyperaccumulator and crop remain unknown.In this study,different Pb treatment concentrations,A.alpina and maize intercropping were set,soil monoculture was taken as control group of soil culture experiment.The results indicated that with the increase of Pb treatment concentrations,,the significant increase range of biomass of intercropped A.alpine was 19.00%-181.08%,Pb enrichment coefficient was 2.78,significantly increasing by 74.02%,transport coefficient was 1.46with no significant change,and Pb content significantly increased by 25%. The Pb occurrence patterns mainly existed in the form of insoluble fruit acid salt,and combined state of protein and phosphate,accounting for approximately 50%of the total Pb amount,intercropping significantly reduced the pH value of rhizosphere soil solution,root and stem of intercropped A.alpina.The biomass of intercropped maize increased first and then decreased,with significant increase range of 18.59%~49.48%.The Pb enrichment coefficient and transport coefficient decreased significantly.The former was 0.53 in average,remarkably decreasing by 34.57%,the latter was 0.56in average,remarkably decreasing by 12.51%,the Pb occurrence pattern existed in the form of oxalate,which accounts for 30% of the total Pb amount in intercropped maize.Intercropping significantly raised the pH of rhizosphere soil solution,and the root and stem of intercropped maize.This study reveals that the hyperaccumulator A.alpine absorbs and accumulates Pb,and the reduction of Pb within maize is due to intercropping,which changes the pH of rhizosphere soil solution,and root and stem of two plants,resulting in difference chemical forms of Pb.

关 键 词：间作 铅 富集 化学形态 污染土壤 转运 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]