马克思分配正义的历史逻辑及其当代价值——从资本参与分配是否符合正义的争论谈起  

The Historical Logic of Marx's Distributive Justice and Its Contemporary Value——Talking from the Debate onWhether Capital's Participation in Distribution is in Line with Justice

作　　者：郭彩霞[1] 李永杰[2] GUO Caixia;LI Yongjie

机构地区：[1]中共福建省委党校科学社会主义与政治学教研部,福州鼓楼350001 [2]中共福建省委党校哲学教研部,福州鼓楼350001

出　　处：《中共中央党校学报》2018年第6期53-60,共8页Journal of The Party School of The Central Committee of The C.T.C

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"马克思主义经典著作重要术语中国化的源流与考证"(12BKS001)

摘　　要：一般认为,马克思对资本参与分配持批判态度,但马克思的文本中并没有明确认为资本参与分配是不正义的论述,这一争议的根源在于没有从历史的逻辑来看待分配正义问题。资本主义的分配方式是由资本主义生产方式决定的,有其存在的合理性,不能泛泛而谈地认为资本主义分配是不公正的。分配正义的历史逻辑表明,在资本主义社会和共产主义社会之间的过渡阶段,即社会主义阶段只能实行按劳分配,而共产主义阶段则实现按需分配,按需分配和按劳分配的区别在于分配与贡献脱钩,按需分配是更加合理的分配。It is generally believed that Marx has a critical attitude towards capital's participation in distribution.However,Marx's text does not explicitly state that capital's participation in distribution is a discourse of injustice.The root of this controversy lies in the fact that the issue of distributive justice is not viewed from the logic of history.The distribution of capitalism is determined by the mode of capitalist production.It has the rationality of its existence.It cannot be said in general terms that capitalist distribution is unfair.The historical logic of distributive justice shows that in the transitional stage between capitalism and communism,that is,in the socialist stage,only distribution according to work can be implemented,while communism achieves demand oriented distribution.The difference between demand oriented distribution and distribution according to work lies in the decoupling of distribution from contributions.In this sense,ondemand allocation is a more reasonable allocation.

关 键 词：马克思 分配正义 资本 按劳分配 按需分配 

分 类 号：D08[政治法律—政治学] A811[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]