瓜蚜在西葫芦植株上传播获取西瓜花叶病毒的效率及西瓜花叶病毒病的发生规律  

Transmission and acquisition rate of Watermelon mosaic virus(WMV) by Aphis gossypii on the zucchini plant and its relations with the occurrence of WMV

作　　者：毛晓红[1] 刘国霞[2] 张秀霞[1] 李娇娇[1] 张安盛[1] Mao Xiaohong;Liu Guoxia;Zhang Xiuxia;Li Jiaojiao;Zhang Ansheng(Key Laboratory for Plant Virology of Shandong,Institute of Plant Protection,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinan 250100,Shandong Province,China;Biological Research Center,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinan 250100,Shandong Province,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所,山东省植物病毒学重点实验室,济南250100 [2]山东省农业科学院生物研究中心,济南250100

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2018年第6期1274-1280,共7页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303028).

摘　　要：为明确瓜蚜Aphis gossypii Glover成蚜对西瓜花叶病毒(Watermelon mosaic virus,WMV)的传毒特征,应用RT-PCR技术检测了瓜蚜传播获取WMV的效率及其在成蚜体内的存留时间;同时调查了2015年山东省日光温室西葫芦瓜蚜种群动态与西瓜花叶病毒病的发生规律。结果表明,瓜蚜成蚜离开带毒西葫芦植株0 h后,带毒率为35.00%,3 h后成蚜带毒率随时间的延长开始呈下降趋势,24 h后仅为5.40%。26℃条件下,健康瓜蚜取食带毒植株5 min后即可获毒,0.5 h后获毒率达到62.50%;带毒瓜蚜取食健康植株0.5 h后植株即可带毒,24 h后植株带毒率达到94.44%。温度对瓜蚜成蚜的传毒率有一定影响,在21、26、31℃条件下,瓜蚜成蚜24 h传毒率分别为61.11%、94.44%和88.89%。调查发现,温室西瓜花叶病毒病的发生率与瓜蚜种群数量呈正相关,当温室瓜蚜成蚜种群数量为1.06～1.73头/叶时,西葫芦开始发病,当成蚜数量增至18.22头/叶时,全田发病率可达83.33%。表明瓜蚜成蚜具有较强的传播WMV的能力,有效控制瓜蚜发生对减少WMV的扩散具有重要意义。In order to clarify the transmission characteristics of Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV)by Aphis gossypii Glover,the residence time of WMV in A.gossypii adult body,the WMV acquisition rate and transmission rate ofA.gossypii adult were detected by using RT-PCR technology.At the same time, the population dynamics ofA.gossypii on zucchini and the occurrence of WMV disease were also investigated in the greenhouse in Shandong Province.The results showed that the virus-carrying rate of A. gossypii adults reduced gradually with the time passing after they left the viruliferous zucchini plant for 3h.The virus carrying rate was 35.00% at 0h and only 5.40% after 24h.At 26℃,the healthy A,gossypii could carry WMV when the aphids ate viruliferous plant for 5min.The virus-carrying rate reached 62.50% after 0.5h.The healthy plant could be infected when viruliferous A.gossypii ate the plant for 0.5h.The virus-carrying rate of the plant was 94.44% after 24h.The temperature had certain effect on the virus transmission rate ofA.gossypii.When the experimental temperature was 21,26 and 31℃,the virus acquisition rate of A.gossypii adult was 61.11%,94.44%,and 88.89%,respectively,after 24h. The survey results showed that there was a positive correlation between the occurrence of WMV disease and the population dynamics ofA.gossypii.The zucchini plant would fall ill when the number of A.gossypii was between 1.06 and 1.73 per leaf,and the incidence of the whole field reached 83.33% when the number ofA.gossypii was 18.22 per leaf.It indicated that A.gossypii had strong acquisition rate and transmission rate for WMV and should be controlled effectively to prevent the diffusion of WMV disease.

关 键 词：西瓜花叶病毒 瓜蚜成蚜 获毒 传毒 带毒持效期 

分 类 号：S436.429[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]