宋代城市无业游民研究之二——以《夷坚志》为中心考察  

One of the Studies of the Urban Vagrants of Song Dynasty——Yi Jian Zhi as Center Study

作　　者：刘树友[1] Liu Shuyou

机构地区：[1]渭南师范学院人文学院

出　　处：《兰州学刊》2018年第11期70-80,共11页

基　　金：陕西省社科联项目"宋代城市无业游民研究--以<夷坚志>为中心考察"(项目编号:2017Z097)

摘　　要：无业游民是由心理、人生观、价值观严重扭曲变形甚至完全畸形的人组成的特殊社会群体,其根本特征是游手好闲、不务正业。这一特殊社会群体早在春秋战国之际就已经登上历史舞台,并显现其危害社会秩序稳定与民众人身财产安全的一面。秦汉以降至隋唐,游民问题愈演愈烈。入宋后游民问题变得更加尖锐和突出。宋代社会经济结构的剧烈变迁,城市经济的高度繁荣与奢侈游乐风气的炽烈,三者相辅相成,交互作用,最终酿成了宋代城市游民队伍的恶性膨胀及次生的严重社会危害。著名学者洪迈独纂卷帙浩繁的志怪小说集《夷坚志》,大量记载了宋代城市无业游民游荡市井街衢;嗜酒嗜赌;挥霍无度;喜围观凑趣等诸多恶行及劣迹。The vagrants are a kind of special social group that are composed of the serious distorted or even completely deformed people in terms of mentality ,outlook on life and value.And theirs fundamental features are that they idle about and do no decent work.As early as the Spring and Autumn Period,this special social group has been on the historical stage and demonstrated its harm to social stability ,people's physical and property safety.From Qin and Han Dynasty to Sui and Tang Dynasty ,the problem of vagrants was becoming worse and worse .In Song Dynasty,the issue of vagrants has become more acute and more prominent.Due to the Song Dynasty's dramatic change of social economic structure,the height of the city's economic prosperity and the atmosphere of luxury amusement ,they supplemented and interacted with each other and finally caused the harmful expansion of Song Dynasty urban'vagrant team as well as became seriously secondary society danger.The famous scholar Hong Mai alone wrote the voluminous mystery novels"Yi Jian Zhi",which recorded urban vagrants'evil behaviors and misdeeds such as wandering city's street ,alcoholism and gambling,extravagance ,liking surrounding and watching some interesting thing with others.

关 键 词：宋代城市 无业游民 特征 成因 恶行 

分 类 号：K245[历史地理—历史学]