老年相对贫困与养老保险制度的公平发展——以北京市为例  

Relative Poverty of the Aged and Fair Development of Pension System——Taking Beijing as an Example

作　　者：龙玉其 Long Yuqi

机构地区：[1]民政部政策研究中心 [2]首都师范大学

出　　处：《兰州学刊》2018年第11期175-186,共12页

基　　金：北京市高校智库与社会服务能力建设项目"首都城市公共安全及其治理研究"的部分成果

摘　　要：老年贫困风险是老龄化社会的风险之一,由于绝对贫困标准的提升,北京市老年绝对贫困人口的绝对数有增无减,相对贫困问题更加突出。老年相对贫困可能导致社会不公,影响社会稳定与和谐。提升养老保险的公平性是预防和缓解老年相对贫困的必然要求。北京市养老保险制度公平性的不足主要表现在:待遇差距较大、筹资机制与待遇给付机制不完善、"个人账户"存在问题、制度分散、户籍限制和转移接续难。促进养老保险制度公平发展、预防老年相对贫困的建议:建立非缴费型养老金制度,扩大基本养老保险覆盖面,调整养老保险制度模式与结构,统筹考虑企业年金、职业年金制度发展,完善养老保险的筹资机制、给付机制、待遇调整机制和转移接续机制,提高基本养老保险统筹层次。the risk of elderly poverty is one of the risks of aging society. Due to the improvement of absolute poverty standard,the absolute number of the elderly absolute poverty population in Beijing is increasing,and the relative poverty problem is more prominent. The relative poverty of the aged may lead to social injustice and influence social stability and harmony. Improving the equity of pension system is an inevitable requirement for preventing and alleviating the relative poverty of the elderly. The disadvantages of Beijing’s pension system are mainly manifested in the following aspects: large gap in treatment,imperfect financing mechanism and treatment payment mechanism,problems existing in individual accounts,decentralized system,difficulty of household registration restriction and transfer. The recommendations of promote pension system fair development,for prevent elderly relative poverty: establish non contributory pension system,expand the coverage of basic pension system,adjust pension system mode and structure,unified consideration of enterprise annuity and occupational pension system,improve the financing mechanism,payment mechanism,treatment adjustment mechanism and transferring mechanism,improve the pooling level of basic pension system.

关 键 词：老年相对贫困 养老保险 待遇差距 公平性 

分 类 号：C913[经济管理]