3种风险评估模型在甲苯职业健康风险评估中的应用  

Application of three risk assessment models in occupational health risk assessment of toluene

作　　者：张蔓[1] 周振清[2] 任福琳[2] 江海[2] 徐波[2] 徐曹丹 王磊[1] 管明月[1] 吴智君[1] 郑敏[1] 赵文锦[1] 程娟[1] ZHANG Man;ZHOU Zhen-qing;REN Fu-lin;JIANG Hai;XU Bo;XU Cao-dan;WANG Lei;GUAN Ming-yue;WU Zhi-jun;ZHENG Min;ZHAO Wen-jin;CHENG Juan(Toxicology Laboratory of National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing,100050,China;Taicang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Taicang Jiangsu,215400,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所毒理室,北京100050 [2]太仓市疾病预防控制中心,江苏太仓215400

出　　处：《职业与健康》2018年第23期3180-3185,共6页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的利用新加坡化学物质职业暴露半定量风险评估模型、职业危害风险评估模型指数法和美国环境保护署(EPA)吸入风险评估模型,评估南方某地区29家企业职工因甲苯接触引发职业健康危害的风险,并评估3种模型的优缺点、准确性和实用性。方法以南方某地区甲苯使用企业为研究对象,于2017年进行职业卫生现场调查,分别利用上述3种风险评估模型,评估甲苯的职业健康风险。结果新加坡半定量评估模型和职业危害风险评估指数法结果表明,全部29家企业的风险评级均为低风险或一般风险,风险评级为无危害或轻度危害。由于美国EPA吸入风险评估模型仅分为高、低风险,因此,某印花工厂的2间印刷车间及全自动印刷机室,以及某电子材料工厂的2条涂台产品线为高风险,其余为低风险。结论联合使用多种评估模型能够更加全面并准确的评估甲苯引发的职业健康风险。[Objective]To evaluate the risks of toluene-induced occupational health hazards in 29 enterprises in a certain area in the south by using Singapore semi-quantitative risk assessment model,occupational hazards risk assessment index method and United States Environmental Protection Agency(EPA) inhalation risk assessment model,and assess the strengths, weaknesses,accuracy and practicality of the three models.[Methods]In 2017, occupational health filed investigation was conducted in 29 enterprises involving toluene exposure in a certain area in the south,and the above three risk assessment models were used to assess the occupational health risk of toluene.[Results]The results of Singapore semi-quantitative risk assessment model and occupational hazards risk assessment index method showed that all 29 enterprises were low-risk or general risk,and the risk levels were either non-hazardous or slightly hazardous. Because the EPA inhalation risk assessment model was only classified as high-risk and low-risk,only 2 printing workshops and fully automatic printing room of a printing plant and 2 painting production lines of a electronic materials factory were in a high-risk state,others were all low-risk. [Conclusion]The comprehensive use of multiple assessment models allows a more comprehensive and accurate assessment of the occupational health risks caused by toluene.

关 键 词：风险评估 甲苯 评估模型 

分 类 号：R134[医药卫生—劳动卫生]