2011-2016年辽宁省饮水型地方性氟中毒监测结果分析  

Analysis of monitoring results of drinking-water-borne endemic fluorosis in Liaoning Province from 2011 to 2016

作　　者：郑照霞[1] 冯晓伟[1] 高嵘[1] 阚忠媛[1] 王偲茜[1] 王恩来[1] 王健辉[1] Zheng Zhaoxia;Feng Xiaowei;Gao Rang;Kan Zhongyuan;Wang Siqian;Wang Enloi;Wang Jianhui(Department for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control,Liaoning Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shenyang 110005,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省疾病预防控制中心地方病防制所,沈阳110005

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2018年第12期985-987,共3页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

基　　金：中央补助地方重大公共卫生服务地方病防治项目(2011-2016).

摘　　要：目的掌握辽宁省饮水型地方性氟中毒病区儿童氟斑牙患病情况,了解改水措施防治氟中毒的效果。方法采用资料回顾性分析方法,收集2011—2016年辽宁省饮水型地方性氟中毒病区18个改水工程的运行情况和8—12岁儿童氟斑牙患病情况资料,分析改水工程运转情况和水氟含量;8~12岁儿童氟斑牙患病情况及检出率;比较水氟合格村与不合格村儿童氟斑牙发病情况。结果2011—2016年,18个改水工程的正常运转率为94.44%(17/18)~100.00%(18/18),水氟合格率为88.89%(16/18)~100.00%(18/18);共检查8~12岁儿童4941人,氟斑牙检出率为9.8%(484/4941),氟斑牙指数为0.19。氟斑牙检出率(14.0%、10.7%、10.7%、8.7%、6.6%、8.1%)呈逐年下降趋势(X^2趋势=24.3,P<0.05)。改水工程正常运行且水氟合格的监测村儿童氟斑牙总检出率(8.1%,356/4422)低于水氟超标的监测村(24.7%,128/519,X^2=145.1,P<0.05)。结论辽宁省饮水型氟中毒病区实施改水措施后,病区儿童氟斑牙病情得到了有效地控制;但依然存在改水工程水氟超标问题,今后应加强对改水工程的管理。Objective To master the prevalence of drinking-water-borne endemic fluorosis of children in the disease affected areas of Liaoning Province and to understand the effect of water improvement measures in prevention and control of fluorosis.Methods The data of 18 water improvement projects in drinking-water-borne endemic fluorosis areas of Liaoning Province from 2011 to 2016 were collected by retrospective method,and the data of dental fluorosis in children aged 8 to 12 years old were analyzed.The prevalence and detection rate of dental fluorosis in children aged 8 to 12 years old were analyzed.To compare the incidence of dental fluorosis among children from villages with qualified water fluoride and those from villages with unqualified water fluoride. Results From 2011 to 2016,in the annual survey of 18 water engineering projects in 18 monitored villages, normal operating rate was between 94.44%(17/18)-100.00%(18/18),water fluoride qualified rate was between 88.89%(16/18)-100.00%(18/18).In the monitored village,4941 children aged 8 to 12 were examined,and the detection rate of dental fluorosis was 9.8%(484/4941).The dental fluorosis index was 0.19.The detection rate (14.0%,10.7%,10.7%,8.7/%,6.6%,8.1%)of dental fluorosis was decreasing year by year (X2trend=24.3,P <0.05). The total detection rate of children's dental fluorosis in monitored villages (8.1%,356/4422)with normal operation of water improvement projects and qualified water fluoride was lower than that in monitored villages with excessive water fluoride (24.7%,128/519,X^2=145.1,P <0.05).Conclusion After water improvement measures are implemented in drinking water fluorosis areas of Liaoning Province,the dental fluorosis of children in the affected areas is effectively controlled,but the problem of excessive fluoride in water improvement projects still exists,and the management of water improvement projects should be strengthened in the future.

关 键 词：饮水 氟中毒 牙 改水工程 

分 类 号：R599.1[医药卫生—内科学]