不同照明条件下全息图的衍射场分析  

DIFFRACTION FIELD ANALYSIS OF HOLOGRAMS UNDER DIFFERENT ILLUMINATION CONDITIONS

作　　者：丁文革[1] 杨晨鹤 代秀红[1] 张荣香[1] DING Wenge;YANG Chenhe;DAI Xiuhong;ZHANG Rongxiang(College of Physics Science and Technology,Hebei University,Baoding Hebei 071002)

机构地区：[1]河北大学物理科学与技术学院,河北保定071002

出　　处：《物理与工程》2018年第6期113-118,共6页Physics and Engineering

基　　金：河北省教育厅项目(ZD2018055)资助

摘　　要：首先利用波的叠加与干涉理论,给出正入射单色平面参考光波与球面物光波相干叠加时,在全息底片上形成的干涉场的强度分布,以及线性冲洗下全息图的振幅透过率。然后,采用波前相因子判断法,详细分析不同照明条件下全息图的衍射场。结果表明,采用单色平面波照明全息图时,+1级和-1级衍射波分别对应于原物等大的虚像和实像,二者关于全息图具有镜像对称性。当改变照明平面波的波长、传播方向时,成像的位置会发生相应移动。采用单色球面波照明全息图时,情况较为复杂。+1级和-1级衍射波存在3种情形:分别对应一个虚像和一个实像、一对虚像和一对实像。其中虚像和实像均存在放大、缩小和等大3种可能性。相对于原物或其关于全息图的镜像对称位置,虚像和实像的位置均有移动。全息成像的这些特点,在应用中具有实际意义。Firstly,based on the theory of wave superposition and interference theory,when the monochromatic plane reference wave(normal incident)and spherical object wave make a coherent superposition,the intensity distribution of interference field which formed on the hologram,and amplitude transmissivity of linear printing holograms were obtained.Afterwards,the method of wavefront phase-factors is used to analyze the diffraction field of holograms under different illumination conditions.The results show that,when using monochromatic normal incidence-plane wave illuminate holograms,+1 diffraction wave and-1 diffraction wave reconstructs a couple of virtual image and real image with the same size as the object,and the two holograms show mirror symmetry.When the wavelength and incident angle of the illumination plane wave are changed,the reconstructed images will have a displacement accordingly.Using monochromatic spherical wave illuminate holograms,the situation of reconstructed images is relatively complicated.There are multiple cases:+1 and-1 diffraction waves can reconstruct a virtual image and a real image,apair of virtual images or a pair of real images.For relative size of the virtual and real images,there are three possibilities:be magni-fied,be minified or keep the same size.In contrast to the location of the object or the mirrorpoint-image of the hologram,the reconstructed images have a displacement accordingly.These features of holographic imaging have practical significance in application.

关 键 词：全息图 衍射场 相因子判断法 波前再现 

分 类 号：O436.1[机械工程—光学工程]