基于景观功能性连接度的生境网络优化研究——以苏锡常地区白鹭为例  

Habitat network optimization using landscape functional connectivity: A case study of the little egret( Egretta garzetta) in the Su-Xi-Chang area, China

作　　者：吴未[1,2] 冯佳凝 欧名豪 WU Wei;FENG Jianing;OU Minghao(College of Land Management,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China;National&Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Rural Land Resources Use and Consolidation,Nanjing 210095,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学土地管理学院,南京210095 [2]农村土地资源利用与整治国家地方联合工程研究中心,南京210095

出　　处：《生态学报》2018年第23期8336-8344,共9页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41571176);国家大学生创新性实验计划项目(201610307068)

摘　　要：景观功能性连接在生境网络优化方面具有重要意义。以快速城市化苏锡常地区为研究区、白鹭为目标物种,采用两种景观功能性连接度测度方法相结合的方法,通过构建遴选阈值和恢复阈值、筛选功能性显著迁移廊道,识别新增生境节点及对应迁移廊道,构建出优化生境网络和优化生境干网。结果表明:1)优化生境网络的片区聚集程度及觅食地对筑巢地的依附性得到增强,优化生境干网与白鹭长距离迁移生境网络具有较高拟合度;2)优化生境网络和优化生境干网的α、β、γ3个网络结构指数值都有较大幅度增加。优化生境干网与优化生境网络相比,在生境节点和迁移廊道总数较少的情况下,具有网络结构指数值变化不明显的特性,为推荐方案。优化生境干网的提出,尤其为快速城市化地区物种多样性保护提供了一种新思路,即优化生境网络的保护底线方案,同时拓展了网络优化研究方法、强化了物种多样性保护在土地资源管理工作中的可操作性。Habitat networks have a vital function in inhibiting habitat fragmentation and in enhancing biodiversity conservation due to connectivity among habitat patches. However,in previous studies,habitat network optimization has focused mainly on landscape structural connectivity rather than on functional connectivity,but the latter has more ecological significance. Therefore,the objectives of this study were to optimize habitat networks by combining the graphic and the probability of moving between patches theoretical methods for landscape functional connectivity and to attempt to answer the following research questions: (1) What characteristics are exhibited by habitat networks that are optimized through functional connectivity? ( 2) What advantages do the optimized networks have in reserve plan and land-use plan implementation? Using this approach,an ideal threshold and an acceptable threshold were calculated and applied to classify current corridors,respectively,as well as newly added patches and corresponding corridors,which have significant landscape functional connectivity. The Su-Xi-Chang area,at the center of the Yangtze River Delta region of China and representing rapid urbanization,was selected for the study. The little egret (Egretta garzetta) was chosen as a regionally representative species,which is commonly recommended by animal ecologists. The results showed (1) that the optimized habitat networks possess a higher density and clearer aggregation centers,whereas the optimized arterial networks have a high fitness with the long-distance migration direction of the little egret,which has already been proved and is commonly accepted,and (2) that optimized habitat and arterial networks comprising patches and corridors with significant features of landscape functional connectivity were both ideal results of the current habitat network optimization. This conclusion was verified by the network connectivity indices alpha (α),beta (β),and gamma (γ). Optimized arterial networks were recommended due to similar val

关 键 词：景观功能性连接 生境网络优化 生境干网 快速城市化地区 土地资源管理 白鹭 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]