拜耳法赤泥中铝铁的盐酸浸出过程研究  

Study on Leaching of Aluminum and Iron from Bayer Red Mud with Hydrochloric Acid

作　　者：薛真[1] 薛彦辉[1] 王力[1] Xue Zhen;Xue Yanhui;Wang Li(College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering,Shandong University of Science andTechnology,Qingdao,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]山东科技大学化学与环境工程学院,山东青岛266590

出　　处：《矿产综合利用》2018年第6期139-143,共5页Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources

摘　　要：分析了拜耳法赤泥的矿物组成,通过热力学计算讨论了赤泥与盐酸反应可行性。通过正交试验得出了盐酸浸出赤泥的最佳条件。结果表明:对铝、铁浸出率显著性影响顺序分别为盐酸浓度>温度>液固比>反应时间,盐酸浓度>液固比>温度>反应时间;最佳条件为:盐酸浓度6 mol/L,温度110℃,液固比6:1,反应时间90 min;在最佳条件下,铝铁浸出率分别为83%和84%。浸出反应符合未反应收缩核模型的化学反应控制过程,铝、铁的浸出活化能分别为45.17 KJ/mol,22.35 KJ/mol。The mineral composition of Bayer red mud was analyzed and the reaction possibility of red mud with hydrochloric acid was discussed by thermodynamic calculation.The optimum conditions for hydrochloric acid leaching of red mud were obtained by orthogonal test.The results showed that the order of influence on the leaching rate of aluminum and iron were hydrochloric acid concentration>temperature>liquid-solid ratio>reaction time,hydrochloric acid concentration>liquid-solid ratio>temperature>reaction time.The optimum conditions were hydrochloric acid concentration of 6mol/L, temperature of 110℃ ,liquid to solid ratio of 6:1,reaction time of 90min;aluminum and iron leaching rates were 83% and 84% under the best conditions.The leaching reaction was in accordance with the chemical reaction control step of the unreacted core-shrinking model,the leaching activation energies of aluminum and iron were found to be 45.17kJ/mol and 22.35kJ/mol.

关 键 词：赤泥 氧化铝 氧化铁 热力学 动力学 

分 类 号：TD989[矿业工程—选矿] X781[环境科学与工程—环境工程]