社会支持与女大学生余暇锻炼:性别角色冲突的中介效应  

Social Support and Leisure Exercise of Female College Students:A Mediating Effect of Gender-role Conflict

作　　者：董宝林 毛丽娟[3] 张欢[1] DONG Bao-lin;MAO Li-juan;ZHANG Huan(School of Physical Education and Sport Training,Shanghai University of Sport,Shanghai 200438,China;Physical Education Department,Sanda University,Shanghai 201209,China;University Office,Shanghai University of Sport,Shanghai 200438,China)

机构地区：[1]上海体育学院体育教育训练学院,上海200438 [2]上海杉达学院体育教学部,上海201209 [3]上海体育学院学院办公室,上海200438

出　　处：《北京体育大学学报》2018年第10期25-31,共7页Journal of Beijing Sport University

基　　金：2015年度教育部人文社会科学一般项目(15YJC890006)

摘　　要：探讨社会支持对女大学生余暇锻炼的影响,考察性别角色冲突的中介效应。采用大学生社会支持量表、性别角色冲突量表和体育活动等级量表对560名女大学生进行调查。结果表明:女大学生能够感受到较高的社会支持,在余暇锻炼中能够感受到中等偏低的性别角色冲突,但其余暇锻炼的状况却不甚理想;女大学生的社会支持和余暇锻炼在性别角色冲突水平上存在差异;社会支持和性别角色冲突是余暇锻炼的两个前因变量,对女大学生余暇锻炼的影响皆显著;在性别角色冲突的基础上,社会支持对女大学生余暇锻炼的影响显著,即:性别角色冲突是社会支持影响女大学生余暇锻炼时的一个中介变量,该中介效应占总效应的23. 10%。结论:给予更多社会支持与认同,并通过改变传统社会性别观念来缓解性别角色冲突,可能是培养女大学生体育锻炼习惯、促进余暇锻炼自主性的一个关键环节。研究结论为制定女大学生体育锻炼决策提供实践启示。This study investigated the influence of social support on leisure exercise of female college students as well as the mediating effect of gender-role conflict.Through using the Social Support Scale for University Students (SSS-US),Sage's RoIe Conflict Inventory (RCI)and the Physical Activity Rating Scale (PARS-3),this paper investigated 560 female college students.Resuhs:Female college students could feel a higher social support and a lower gender-role conflict,but their leisure exercise was not ideal.Female students'social support and leisure exercise were different on the level of gender role conflict.Social support and gender-role conflict were the important antecedent variables of female students'leisure exercise,and they significantly affected female leisure exercise (βsupport,=0.513,βconflict=-0.592,P<0.001 ).Social support had significant effect on female'leisure exercise on the basis of gender-role conflict (Z =3.76),namely that gender-role conflict had a partial mediating effect in social support explaining female leisure exercise,and the mediating effect was 23.10% of the total effect.Conclusions:Giving more social support and recognition and alleviating gender role conflicts by changing traditional gender concepts may be a key link in cuhivating female college students'physical exercise habits and promoting their leisure exercise autonomy.The conclusion provided practical implications for female college students to make exercise decisions.

关 键 词：体育锻炼 女大学生 社会支持 性别角色冲突 余暇锻炼 中介效应 

分 类 号：G804.83[文化科学—运动人体科学]