女性主义视角下的中国近代女子体育教育史——从父权制到自由主义  

History of Women's Physical Education in Modern China from the Perspective of Feminism— From Patriarchy to Liberalism

作　　者：刘宏超[1] 吴光远[2] LIU Hong-chao;WU Guang-yuan(Shanxi Normal University,Linfen 041000,Shanxi China;Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]山西师范大学,山西临汾041000 [2]北京体育大学,北京100084

出　　处：《北京体育大学学报》2018年第10期96-101,共6页Journal of Beijing Sport University

摘　　要：近代中国女子体育教育史是中国近代思想史、中国近代妇女解放史的缩影。采用文献资料法、历史研究法,得出如下结论:18世纪由西欧启蒙运动兴起的自由女性主义信奉理性、公正、机会均等和选择自由,认为是教育方面的机会不均等造成了两性之间在理性上的差异。自由女性主义体育理论倡导应在体育训练、设施、服务、比赛参与上都做到男女平等。1840年鸦片战争以来,民主自由、天赋人权、男女平等的思想逐渐传入。在经历了洋务运动、戊戌变法、清末新政、辛亥革命、五四运动之后,中国女子体育教育从无到有,蓬勃发展。伴随着自由主义与妇女解放的观念深入人心,体育教育观也从单纯的"强国育种"变成了男女平等,女性解放,成为了一种深入人心的文化形态。The history of women's physical education in modern China is a microcosm of the modern Chinese history and women's liberation history. Through literature and historical research,we draw the following conclusions. Liberal feminism,which emerged from the Western European Enlightenment in the 18th century,focuses on women's ability to maintain their equality through their own actions and choices,and believes that unequal opportunities in education resulted in rational differences between men and women. Liberal feminists advocate the equality of men and women in sports training,facilities,service and competition. Since the Opium War in 1840,the ideas of democracy,freedom,human rights and equality between men and women have been gradually introduced to Chinese. After the Westernization Movement,the reform movement of 1898,the revolution of 1911,and the May 4th Movement,China' women physical education gradually developed. With the concept of liberalism and women's liberation deeply rooted in people's minds,the concept of physical education has changed from a simple “power breeding”to the equality between men and women,and women's liberation has become a popular cultural form.

关 键 词：体育教育史 女性体育 女性主义 

分 类 号：G812.5[文化科学—体育学]