肌瓣联合膜诱导技术急诊保肢治疗Gustilo Ⅲ B和Ⅲ C型小腿开放性损伤  

Application of muscular flap and induced membrane technique in the emergency treatment for limb salvage for Gustilo type Ⅲ B and Ⅲ C open fracture of lower leg

作　　者：余黎[1] 赵勇[1] 谢哲 汪冰[1] 邓玲珑[1] 魏驰[1] 邓凯[1] 余国荣[1] 祝少博[1] Yu Li;Zhao Yong;Xie Zhe;Wang Bing;Deng Linglong;Wei Chi;Deng Kai;Yu Guorong;Zhu Shaobo(Department of Traumatic Reconstruction & Foot and Ankle Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学中南医院创伤修复与足踝外科,武汉430071

出　　处：《中华显微外科杂志》2018年第6期538-543,共6页Chinese Journal of Microsurgery

基　　金：2016年湖北省自然基金面上项目(2016CFB455);教育部"留学回国人员科研启动基金"(230303)。

摘　　要：目的 探讨小腿局部肌瓣转位联合膜诱导技术急诊保肢治疗Gustilo Ⅲ B和Ⅲ C型小腿开放性损伤的临床疗效.方法 2015年7月-2017年12月,10例合并骨缺损的Gustilo Ⅲ B和Ⅲ C型小腿开放性损伤,急诊应用膜诱导技术充填骨缺损,同时联合腓肠肌和(或)比目鱼肌肌瓣转位覆盖骨水泥或骨外露创面,术后行抗感染治疗,对吻合血管的Gustilo Ⅲ C型损伤同时行抗凝治疗,待伤口完全愈合后行传统植骨手术修复骨缺损.其中,Gustilo Ⅲ B型4例,Gustilo Ⅲ C型6例;应用腓肠肌内侧头转位5例,腓肠肌内侧头加比目鱼肌内侧半肌转位2例,单纯比目鱼肌内侧半肌逆行转位3例;骨缺损长度为3.0~11.0 cm,平均(5.25±1.70)cm.结果8例行植皮覆盖转位肌瓣,其中6例创面一期愈合,2例植皮后伤口渗液,经换药后愈合;另2例患者,1例转位的比目鱼肌大部分坏死,行交腿隐神经营养血管皮瓣覆盖骨水泥创面,1例小腿上段外侧肌肉坏死,骨水泥外露,行腓肠肌外侧头肌瓣转位修复,创面均顺利愈合.二期经植骨手术所有骨缺损均获骨愈合,临床愈合时间5~9个月,平均7.2个月,末次随访时所有患者均恢复负重活动功能,按Paley的方法评定邻近关节功能恢复:优8例,良2例.结论 合并骨缺损的Gustilo Ⅲ B、C型小腿开放性损伤,急诊联合应用膜诱导技术和局部肌瓣转位,可有效控制和预防局部感染、覆盖创面,二期通过植骨修复骨缺损,最终完成保肢手术.Objective To investigate the clinical effectivity of the muscular flap transposition and induced membrane technique in the emergency treatment for the limb salvage of Gustilo type Ⅲ B/C open fracture of lower leg. Methods From July, 2015 to December, 2017, 10 cases of Gustilo type Ⅲ B/C fracture of lower leg with bone defects were performed limb salvage surgery. Induced membrane technique was used to fill the bone defects in the emergency room.The gastrocnemius and/or soleus muscular flaps were transposed to cover the bone cement or ex-posed bone simultaneously in emergence treatment. After the wound healed completely, traditional bone grafting was used to repair the bone defects. There were 4 cases of Gustilo type Ⅲ B and 6 cases of Gustilo type Ⅲ C. The aver-age length of bone defect was (5.25±1.70) cm ranging from 3.0 cm to 11.0 cm. The gastrocnemius medial head flaps were performed in 5 cases, the combined application with the gastrocnemius medial head flaps and the medial hemimuscular flaps of soleus were performed in 2 cases, and medial hemimuscular flaps of soleus were transposed in 3 cases. Results The wounds in 6 cases were healed at one stage, but 2 cases healed by dressing because the exudate after skin grafting.In 1 case, the cross-leg flap was used to cover the exposed bone cement due to the necro-sis of soleus flap. The other 1 was performed the transposition of the lateral gastrocnemius flaps because the exposure of bone cement after the necrosis of the upper and lateral muscles in lower leg. In the second-stage, the bone defects were reconstructed by traditional bone grafting. The average healed time of bone was 7.2 months ranging from 5 months to 9 months. At the last followed-up time, all patients recovered their function of weight-bearing. The Paley's score of the adjacent joints: excellent in 8 cases and good in 2 cases. Conclusion The combination with induced membrane technique and local muscular flap transposition in emergency surgery is an effective method to limb salvage for the G

关 键 词：GUSTILO III型 Gustilo分型 小腿开放性损伤 膜诱导技术 肌瓣 急诊处理 

分 类 号：R658.3[医药卫生—外科学]