父爱缺失对农村留守儿童心理健康及主观幸福感的影响  

Association between lack of paternal love and mental health and subjective well-being among left-behind children in rural areas

作　　者：赵小燕[1] 邱云[1] 张芸[1] 罗尧竞 ZHAO Xiao-yan;QIU Yun;ZHANG Yun;LUO Yao-jin(Mianyang Central Hospital,Mianyang 621000,China)

机构地区：[1]绵阳市中心医院,四川绵阳621000

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2018年第11期1009-1011,1026,共4页Chinese Journal of Health Education

摘　　要：目的探讨父爱缺失对农村留守儿童心理健康及主观幸福感的影响。方法采用整群分层抽样的方法对四川省绵阳市涪城区10所中小学1156名儿童进行心理健康、主观幸福感问卷调查。结果1156名儿童中,父爱缺失留守儿童545名,非留守儿童611名。留守儿童对人焦虑、孤独倾向、过敏倾向、身体症状、恐怖倾向、冲动倾向、心理健康诊断测验(MHT)总分评分分别为(4. 01±0. 75)、(2. 84±0. 62)、(5. 54±0. 75)、(5.22±0.74)、(3.67±0.72)、(2.42±0.56)和(37.34±5.24)分,明显高于非留守儿童(t值分别为6.492、13.806、10. 829、21.315、8. 110、8. 146和10. 036, P <0.05);留守儿童学校满意度、家庭满意度、同伴关系满意度、自我评价、主观幸福感总分评分分别为(32.14±5.12)、(33.24±5.12)、(26.12±4.21)、(26.25±4.35)和(118. 35±20. 12)分,明显低于非留守儿童(t值分别为3.477、12.660、11.750、7.072和7. 183, P<0.05);女、年龄12～15岁、5年级/8年级儿童MHT评分分别为(38.85±5.44)、(37.70±5.20)、(38.25±5.32)、(38. 12±5. 16)分,明显高于男、年龄>15岁、6年级/7级儿童(t值分别为6. 160、3. 571和6. 254, P<0.05),男、年龄>15岁、8年级儿童主观幸福感评分分别为(120.14±14.56)、(117. 12±13. 45)和(130.12±16.12)分,明显高于女、年龄12～15岁、5年级/6年级/7年级儿童(t值分别为3.226、4.726和7.321,P <0.05)。结论父爱缺失一定程度上会影响农村留守儿童心理健康,降低主观幸福感。Objective To explore the association between lack of paternal love and mental health and subjective well-being among left-behind children in rural areas.Methods A stratified cluster sampling was used to survey 1156 children in 10 primary and middle schools for mental health and subjective well-being.Results 545 left-behind children and 611 non-left-behind children were found without parental love.The scores of anxiety,loneliness,allergic tendency,physical symptoms,terror,impulsivity,and mental health test (MHT)in left-behind children were (4.01±0.75),(2.84± 0.62),(5.54±0.75),(5.22±0.74),(3.67±0.72),(2.42±0.56)and (37.34±5.24),respectively,and were significantly higher than those in non-left-behind children (t =6.492,13.806,10.829,21.315,8.110,8.146, 10.036,P <0.05).The scores of school satisfaction,family satisfaction,peer satisfaction,self-evaluation,and subjective well-being were (32.14±5.12),(33.24±5.12),(26.12±4.21),(26.25±4.35),(118.35±20.12),and were significantly lower than that of non-left-behind children (t =3.477,12.660,11.750,7.072,7.183,P <0.05). The scores of MHT in female,aged 12-15 years old,and Grade 5th and 8th children were (38.85±5.44),(37.70± 5.20),(38.25±5.32),(38.12±5.16)points,and were significantly higher than that of male,aged above 15 years old,Grade 6th and 7th children (t =6.160,3.571,6.254,P <0.05).The scores of subjective well-being in male, aged above 15 and Grade 8th children were (120.14±14.56),(117.12±13.45)and (130.12±16.12)points,and were significantly higher than those of female,aged 12-15 years old,Grade 5th/6th/7th children (t =3.226,4.726, 7.321,P <0.05).Conclusion The lack of paternal love may affect the status of mental health and reduce subjective wellbeing among left-behind children in rural areas.

关 键 词：父爱缺失 留守儿童 心理健康 主观幸福感 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] R395.6[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]