长江流域鄂西四河流大型底栖动物群落结构特征及水质生物学评价  

Macrozoobenthic Community Structure and Water Quality Bioassessment of Four Rivers in Western Hubei Province,Yangtze River Basin

作　　者：潘超 周驰 苗滕 刘林峰 高健[1] 焦一滢 李祝[1] 张佳敏 王卉君 徐德雄 PAN Cao;ZHOU Chi;MIAO Teng;LIU Lin-Feng;GAO Jian;QIAO Yi-Ying;LI Zhu;ZHANG Jia-Min;WANG Hui-Jun;XU De-Xiong(Key Laboratory of Ecological Remediation of Lakes and Rivers and Algal Utilization of Hubei Province,School of Civil Engineering,Architectural and Environment,Hubei University of Technology,Wuhan 430068,China;Hubei Water Resources Research Institute,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北工业大学河湖生态修复与藻类利用湖北省重点实验室,土木建筑与环境学院,湖北武汉430068 [2]湖北省水利水电科学研究院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《长江流域资源与环境》2018年第11期2529-2539,共11页Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31500378);湖北省科技支撑计划(2015BCH329).

摘　　要：鄂西水系是国家级水源保护区,也是湖北省重要的生态旅游区。为了解鄂西水生态健康状况,于2014年10月~2017年1月不同时段在宜昌国家可持续发展实验示范区卷桥河(J)、清江利川段(Q)、宜昌市水源地黄柏河(H)和丹江口入库河流天河郧西段(T)开展了底栖动物群落特征研究。研究表明:4个河段共采集到大型底栖动物5门8纲18目61科。基于底栖动物指示种耐污性及其丰度占比分析,表明J、Q和T三河流污染程度沿水流方向呈加重趋势,而H水体健康状况整体较好。运用FBI和SIGNAL底栖生物评价指数,显示四条河流健康程度沿水流方向均呈下降趋势,但H变化趋势平缓,结果表明H水体上下游均处于较健康状态,其他3条河流上游或源头水体健康状况良好,下游受到较重污染。对主要环境因子(TP、NH_3-N、COD_(Mn)和TN)做主成分分析表明,轴1的解释率达到65. 1%,表明轴1可以有效表征主要环境压力梯度。FBI和SIGNAL指数与轴1线性拟合度均较高,表明二者在鄂西河流水生态健康评估中可作为快速生物评价指数。The western Hubei province is a national water source protection zone and important ecotourism areas. To understand ecological health stems of river ecosystem,a field survey on the macrozoobenthic community strncture and water quality bioassessment was carried out in Juanqiao river (J),Lichuan reach of Qingjiang river (Q),Huangbo river (H)and Yunxi reach of Tiaiahe (T)from October 2014to Jahuary 2017.A total of 61 families were observed in four rivers,including 5phyla,8classes,and 18orders.Leptophlebiidac,Atyoidae and subfamily CJaironominae are the dominant group in J1,J2and J3sites,respectively.Heptagenitdae accounts for 55.0%of total abundance caught in Q1,and Corbiculidae for 83.8%and 64.8%in Q2and Q3, respectively;Viviparidae is the most dominated group in Q4While strong tolerance Tubi.fex occurred.Tubifex and subfamily Chironominae account for 49.5%in Q5.Tolerance sensibility along water flow direction was decreased in J,Q and T rivers,indicating water quality degradation.However,all seven sampling sites were dominated by the sensibility maerozoobenthie group in tt River,indicating a good water quality.The analysis of environmental variance with the principal components ~nalysis showed the first axis could represent pollution gradient with 65.1%explanation.The linear regression analysis results and SIGNAL indices and the first axis.The correlations consistent results in river health assessment.The results health assessment in Western Hubei Province. further revealed a significant relationship between FBI between both indices were significant which showed indicate FBI and SIGNAL index are suitable for river

关 键 词：鄂西 生态旅游区 大型底栖动物 群落结构 生物评价指数 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]