2008-2017年云南省大理州突发公共卫生事件流行特征分析  

Characteristics of Public Health Emergency in Dali Prefecture of Yunnan Province From 2008 to 2017

作　　者：苏丽蓉[1] 周舟[1] 李庆棠[1] 施顺娟[1] 胡汝源[1] 段飞云[1] SU Lirong;ZHOU Zhou;LI Qingtang;SHI Shunjuan;HU Ruyuan;DUAN Feiyun(Dali Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Dali 671000,Yunnan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]大理州疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《寄生虫病与感染性疾病》2018年第4期196-201,共6页Parasitoses and Infectious Diseases

摘　　要：目的通过对2008-2017年云南省大理州大理州辖区内的突发公共卫生事件进行分析,了解其流行病学特征和发展规律,为大理州卫生应急工作提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法,对2008-2017年大理州突发公共卫生事件进行分析。结果2008-2017年大理州累积报告突发公共卫生事件160起,报告发病数7923例,平均罹患率为8.08%。报告事件起数最多为2009年(38起)。罹患率、病死率最高均为2015年(20.03%,2.22%)。无特别重大突发公共卫生事件报告,共计报告一般事件120起(75.00%)、较大22起(13.75%)、重大1起(0.63%)、未分级17起(10.62%)。以传染病和食物中毒报告为主。10年内事件报告数大致呈“L”形趋势,主要发生于3-5月和10-12月。报告事件数排名以大理市、云龙县和宾川县居前3位。学校、农村和托幼机构为事件发生主要场所。传染病事件以丙类传染病最多,以风疹和流感为主;食物中毒事件以细菌性食物中毒报告最多。结论大理州突发公共卫生事件防控工作重心,应置于加强传染病和食物中毒监测报告、针对性开展卫生保健宣传教、大力推广疫苗接种与食品卫生监督管理等方面。Objective This study analyzed the data of public health emergencies in the Dali prefecture of Yunnan province from 2008 to 2017,in order to understand the epidemiological characteristics and development law,and provide scientific evidence for the health emergency work in Dali prefecture.Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data of public health emergencies in Dali from 2008 to 2017.Results A total of 160 public health emergencies were reported in Dali prefecture and 7 923 cases were reported and the average incidence rate was 8.08%. The largest number of reported incidents was in 2009 (38 events).Both of the highest morbidity rate and case fatality rate were in 2015 (20.03%,2.22%) .No serious public health emergencies reported. There were 120 general cases (75.00%) and 22 larger cases (13.75%) ,one major case (0.63%) and 17 non-graded public health emergencies cases.The reported events were dominated by infectious diseases and food poisoning. The number of reported events in the past 10 years showed an“L”trend,mainly occurring in March to May and October to December.The top three regions of events occurred were Dali city,Yunlong county and Binchuan county.Schools,rural areas and child-care facilities were the main three places where the incidents took place.Class C infectious diseases were the most common incidence,mainly were rubella and influenza. Food poisoning incidents were most reported as bacterial food poisoning.Conclusion Enhancing the surveillance and report on infectious and food poisoning,carrying out healthcare publicity andeducation,vigorously promoting vaccination and food hygiene supervision and management are the keys to prevent and control of public health emergencies in Dali prefecture.

关 键 词：突发公共卫生事件 流行特征 分析 

分 类 号：R181.8[医药卫生—流行病学]