兼顾生态系统功能和生态需求强度的城市生态用地重要性评价——以长沙市为例  

Urban Ecological Importance Assessment Based on Ecological Function and Ecological Demand——A Case Study of Changsha

作　　者：张亚楠 陈振杰[1,2] 张云倩 梅梦媛[1,2] ZHANG Ya-nan;CHEN Zhen-jie;ZHANG Yun-qian;MEI Meng-yuan(School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China;Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学地理与海洋科学学院,江苏南京210023 [2]江苏省地理信息技术重点实验室,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《长江流域资源与环境》2018年第10期2358-2367,共10页Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目课题(2017YFB0504205);国家自然科学基金面上项目(41571378;41571082);国土资源部城市土地资源监测与仿真重点实验室开放基金(KF-2015-01-045)

摘　　要：生态环境保护和城市经济发展的矛盾由来已久,科学评价生态用地的重要性,对维护区域生态安全和引导城市有序扩张具有重要意义。生态用地的重要性不仅由生态用地自身的生态系统功能决定,同时受到人类生态需求强度的影响。选取生物多样性维持功能、土壤保持功能、水源涵养功能、户外休闲需求和生态用地稀缺度等指标,以长沙市中心城区为研究区,构建了兼顾生态系统功能和区域生态需求强度的生态用地重要性评价模型,进行了生态用地重要性评价。其中,生态系统功能通过生物多样性维持功能、土壤保持功能、水源涵养功能量化,区域生态需求强度通过户外休闲需求和生态用地稀缺度量化。实验结果表明:长沙市中心城区生态用地空间分布差异显著,极重要生态用地主要由大面积集中连片的森林、重要饮水源地和高质量的耕地构成,既包括城市外围提供生态屏障的大块生态用地,同时包括人口稠密城市建成区内的湿地、河流等小面积生态用地。与传统评价模型相比,构建的模型能够体现人类需求的影响,结果更符合人们的实际生态需要。The conflict between ecological environment protection and urban economic development remain unsettled.It is of great significance for maintaining regional ecological security and guiding the city to develop in an orderly manner to evaluate the importance of ecological land scientifically.The importance of ecological land is not only determined by the ecosystem service function of its own,but is also strongly related to the ecological needs of human beings.The article chose a set of indexes in terms of biodiversity,soil conservation function, water conservation function,outdoor leisure demand and scarcity of ecological land,and build an evaluation model of ecological importance based on both ecosystem services and human needs.We took the downtown area of Changsha as the study area.The results showed that the spatial distribution of ecological lands in Changsha is unbalanced,and the most important ecological lands are mainly composed of forests,important drinking water sources and high-quality farmland.They also include large areas of ecological lands that provide ecological barriers and small areas of ecological lands such as wetlands and rivers in the city.Compared with the traditional evaluation models,the proposed model can reflect the influence of human needs and the results are more in line with people’s actual ecological needs.

关 键 词：城市生态用地 生态用地重要性 生态系统功能 生态需求强度 长沙市 

分 类 号：K903[历史地理—人文地理学]