重庆柑橘园土壤微量营养元素养分状况分析  

A study on nutrient status of microelements in soils of citrus orchards in Chongqing

作　　者：王彤 朱攀攀[1] 习建龙 凌丽俐[2] 淳长品[2] 江才伦[2] 付行政[1] 曹立[1] 彭良志[1] WANG Tong;ZHU Panpan;XI Jianlong;LING Lili;CHUN Changpin;JIANG Cailun;FU Xing zheng;CAO Li;PENG Liangzhi(Citrus Research Institute of Southwest University,Chongqing 400712,China;Citrus Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chongqing 400712,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学柑桔研究所,重庆400712 [2]中国农业科学院柑桔研究所,重庆400712

出　　处：《果树学报》2018年第12期1478-1486,共9页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划专项"化学肥料和农药减施增效综合技术研发"课题(2017YFD0202002;2017YFD0202006);国家现代农业(柑橘)产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-26-01A);重庆市社会民生科技创新专项(cstc2016shmszx80004;cstc2017shms-xdny0352)

摘　　要：【目的】了解重庆柑橘园土壤微量营养元素养分状况。【方法】在重庆15个柑橘主产县(区)选取567个代表性柑橘园采集土壤样本进行测定分析。【结果】果园土壤pH值变幅pH 4.1～8.7,但仅有20.99%的土壤pH适宜柑橘生长(pH值5.5～6.5),53.62%的土样pH高于6.5,并有35.63%的土样pH高于7.5。土壤有机质匮乏,有机质偏低或缺乏比例达68.79%。土壤有效Fe、Mn、Zn、Cu、B的平均含量分别为40.91 mg·kg^(-1)、15.69 mg·kg^(-1)、1.39 mg·kg^(-1)、1.06 mg·kg^(-1)、0.37mg·kg^(-1),土壤有效Fe、Mn、Zn、Cu、B含量处于适宜及以上水平的比例分别占77.08%、0.18%、53.62%、73.02%、23.28%;总体上土壤有效Fe、Cu含量水平较高,有效Zn、B含量较低,有效Mn含量缺乏。【结论】柑橘生产上应注意调节土壤pH值,结合叶片营养诊断适量补充含Mn、B、Zn的微量元素肥料或有机肥。[Objective]The study evaluated the contents of microelements in soils of citrus orchards in Chongqing.[Methods]Soil samples were collected from 567 representative citrus orchards in 15 main counties(districts)of Chongqing.[Results]The range of pH value of orchard soils was 4.1-8.7.Among them,strong acid(pH<4.5)soils occupied 1.41%;alkaline(pH>7.5)soils accounted for 35.63%,and alkaline soils were most widely distributed.There were 51.32% soil samples with suitable or appropriate pH values(4.5-7.0)for citrus growth,but only 20.99% soil samples had a soil pH value range(pH 5.5-6.5)suitable for citrus growth.According to the distribution frequency of soil pH in orchards of each county(district),the ratio of alkaline soil in Wushan was the highest,up to96.00 %.The ratio of soils with a suitable pH in Fuling was the highest,which was 78.26%.The soil organic matter content was low,and only 31.21% soil samples had a organic matter content over 15g· kg^-1 ,among them,only 0.35% exceeded 30g· kg^-1 .The soil available Fe content varied greatly with a range of 0.20-253.68 mg· kg^-1 ,and its average content was 40.91 mg· kg^-1 .437 soil samples were rich in available Fe(suitable,high and excessive range),which accounted for 77.07% of the total samples,and 46.74% of the soil samplhad excessive available Fe.Among the counties or districts,the content of available Fe in the orchard soils from Wanzhou was the highest,with all the samples in excessive range.The content of available Fe was the lowest in the soils of Wushan,where 32% soil samples were insufficient for citrus growth and 68% of the soil samples were in excess of available Fe.The available Mn content ranged from 0.16 to 100.47 mg· kg^-1 ,and its average content was 3.36 mg· kg^-1 .Only 0.18% soil samples were suitable for citrus growth,and 99.82% soil samples were in insufficient range.Insufficiency of Mn was common,reaching 83.33% to 100% in different counties or districts.The available Zn content ranged from 0.12 to 14.63 mg· kg^-1 .46.38% of the soil sample

关 键 词：柑橘园 重庆 土壤 微量元素 

分 类 号：S666[农业科学—果树学]