30CrMnSiNi2A钢轮轴表面镀硬铬区域开裂的原因及控制措施  

Cause and Control Method of Cracking in Electroplated Hard Chrome Area on Surface of 30CrMnSiNi2A Steel Axle

作　　者：李新卫[1] 岳珊 王志宏[1] 孟保利 潘一帆 刘道新[2] LI Xinwei;YUE Shan;WANG Zhihong;MENG Baoli;PAN Yifan;LIU Daoxin(Xi′an Aircraft Industrial Company Limited , Xi′an 710089, China;Aviation College , Northwestern Polytechnical University , Xi′an 710072, China)

机构地区：[1]西安飞机工业集团有限责任公司,西安710089 [2]西北工业大学航空学院,西安710072

出　　处：《机械工程材料》2018年第12期77-82,共6页Materials For Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51771155)

摘　　要：未服役30CrMnSiNi2A钢轮轴在存放一段时间后,其表面镀硬铬区域出现裂纹,通过形貌观察、化学成分分析、显微组织观察、力学性能分析、氢含量及残余应力测试等方法研究了轮轴表面开裂原因,并提出了控制开裂的措施。结果表明:在电镀硬铬过程中渗入轮轴表面的氢和在磨削加工硬铬层时引入的拉应力的协同作用,导致轮轴发生氢致延迟开裂(氢脆);通过采取改进电镀工艺、镀后及时除氢、改善镀层磨削加工工艺和增加去应力退火工序等措施,该类轮轴未再出现开裂现象。When the unserviced 30CrMnSiNi2Asteel axle was stored for a period of time , cracks appeared inthe electroplated hard chrome area on surface of the axle.The surface cracking cause of the axle was studied bymorphology observation , chemical composition analysis, microstructure observation , mechamical property analysisand hydrogen content and residual stress testing.The measures to control cracking were proposed.The results showthat the hydrogen - induced delayed cracking ( hydrogen embrittlement ) of the axel occurred by the synergistic effectof the hydrogen diffused in surface of the axle during electroplating hard chrome and the tensile stresses introducedduring grinding of the hard chrome layer.Bythe measures of the improvement of electroplating process , removinghydrogen in time after electroplating , modifying the grinding process of the electroplated layer and increasingstressrelief annealing procedure , no cracking occurred in the axle.

关 键 词：起落架轮轴 氢脆 超高强度钢 电镀硬铬 残余应力 

分 类 号：TG142.7[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]