2007-2016年西安市肺结核流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in Xi'an City from 2007 to 2016

作　　者：王二谋 秦国富[2] 王艳飞[2] WANG Er-mou;QIN Guo-fu;WANG Yan-fei(Weiyang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710016, China)

机构地区：[1]未央区疾病预防控制中心,陕西西安710016 [2]西安市疾病预防控制中心,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2018年第24期4427-4429,4442,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：陕西省重点研发项目(项目编号:20157SF-384)

摘　　要：目的分析2007-2016年西安市肺结核流行病学特征,为制定符合西安市实际情况的结核病防控策略提供依据。方法采用流行病学方法对2007-2016年西安市肺结核疫情信息进行描述和分析。结果 2007-2016年西安市累计报告肺结核患者55 334例,年平均发病率69.59/10万,发病率总体呈现逐年下降的趋势(趋势X^2=48.32 P<0.05)。雁塔区(108.69/10万)和未央区(105.77/10万)的年平均发病率据全市前两位。3月份、9月份、12月份为发病的高峰月,分别占总发病的9.50%、8.87%、9.53%。男女发病比为1.97∶1;20～60岁年龄段占总发病的71.05%,其中以20～30岁年龄组发病率最高,占总发病的31.77%;农民,学生,家务待业为高发的人群,分别占总发病的39.08%、12.31%和11.47%。结论西安市肺结核发病率总体呈现下降趋势,表明防控措施已见成效,但仍需增加结核病经费投入和政策研究,并加强对重点地区和重点人群的防控。Objective By analyzing the epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis in Xi’an City from 2007 to 2016, it provides a theoretical basis for formulating TB prevention and control strategies that meet the actual conditions in Xi’an.Methods Epidemiological methods were used to describe and analyze the pulmonary tuberculosis epidemic situation in Xi’an City from 2007 to 2016. Results A total of 55,334 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis were reported from Xi’an during 2007-2016. The annual average incidence rate was 69.59/lakh. The overall incidence rate showed a trend of decline year by year(trend χ^2=48.32, P<0.05). The annual average incidence rates of Yanta District(108.69/lakh) and Weiyang District(105.77/lakh) were the top two in the city, and the differences in annual average incidence rate among various districts and counties were statistically significant(χ^2=99.28, P<0.05). The disease can be onset in every month of the year, with March, September,and December being the peak months of the disease, accounting for 9.50%, 8.87%, and 9.53% of the total incidences,respectively, with the highest incidence in December. The male to female incidence ratio was 1.97:1, with more male patients than female patients; the 20-60 age group accounted for 71.05% of the total incidences, of which the incidence rate was the highest in the 20-30 age group, accounting for 31.77% of the total incidences; farmers, students, and households/unemployed were the highest incidence groups, accounting for 39.08%, 12.31% and 11.47% of the total incidences. Conclusion The incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Xi’an has generally shown a downward trend, indicating that the prevention and control measures have achieved results. The next step is for the government to increase funding and policy research for tuberculosis and strengthen the prevention and control of key areas and key populations.

关 键 词：肺结核 流行病学 分析 

分 类 号：R195.4[医药卫生—卫生统计学]