景观基质内斑块数及面积变化对形状指数和分维数的影响分析  

Simulation Study on Effects of Shape Index and Fractal Dimension of Landscape for Different Number and Area Patches in Landscape Matrix

作　　者：杨柠腈 常顺利[1] 师庆东[1] YANG Ningjing;CHANG Shunli;SHI Qingdong(Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Oaszs Ecology of Xinjiang,Institute of Arid Eco-enwronmental Sczences,College of Geology and Exploration Engineering,Xinjiang University,Urumqi.Xinjiang 830046,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆大学新疆绿洲生态重点实验室资源与环境科学学院干旱生态环境研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830046

出　　处：《新疆大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第4期532-534,540,共4页Journal of Xinjiang University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31160114)

摘　　要：景观的形状指数和分维数不仅与单个斑块的面积和形状有关,而且与斑块内所包含的异质嵌块个数及大小有重要的关系.景观中常常出现斑块之间包裹和互相镶嵌的情况,这种镶嵌对于斑块的分维数、斑块形状指数都会产生影响,也将对整个斑块的功能产生影响.本研究模拟了基质内包含其他斑块时形状指数与形状分维数的变化特征,结果表明:随着基质内其他斑块的增多,分维数和形状指数值都将变大,分维数将向2趋近,而形状指数将发散.分维数可以更好地作为生态的变量使用,而形状指数由于其发散性则必须加以处理后才有可能应用于生态模型中.本研究为景观形状指数的选择与应用提供了参考.The shape index and fractal dimension of landscape are not only related to the area and shape of individual patches, but also related to the number of heterogeneous patches contained in the landscape matrix. In nature, patches are often encased and embedded with each other, which will affect the fractal dimension and the shape index of patches, as well as the function of patches. In this study, the shape index and shape fractal dimension of matrix with different number of patches were simulated. The results show that: with the increase of patches in the matrix, the fractal dimension and shape index will become larger,the fractal dimension will approach to 2, and the shape index will diverge. Fractal dimension may be better used as an ecological variable. The divergence of shape index must be processed before it can be applied to ecological model. This study provides a reference for the selection and application of landscape shape index.

关 键 词：景观斑块 异质嵌块 形状指数 分维数 形状模型指数 

分 类 号：P901[天文地球—自然地理学]