膳食结构与经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术后患者再狭窄的相关性研究  

Study on the correlation between dietary structure and restenosis of patients after pereutaneous coronary intervention

作　　者：王琦[1] 李玲[2] Wang Qi;Li Ling(Department of CCU,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University,Harbin 150000,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院心内科,150000 [2]哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院CCU科,150000

出　　处：《中国实用护理杂志》2018年第36期2806-2810,共5页Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing

基　　金：黑龙江省卫生计生委科研课题(2017-088).

摘　　要：目的探讨经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后患者膳食营养素摄入状况及与支架内再狭窄的关系。方法 选取哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院240例PCI术后行造影复查的冠心病患者为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、食物频率问卷进行调查,分析膳食结构与发生再狭窄的关系。结果PCI术后患者的水果、蔬菜、奶制品摄入不足比例较高,分别为40.83%(98/240)、35.42%(85/240)、44.58%(107/240);禽畜肉类、油脂类和盐摄入过量比例较高,分别为46.25%(111/240)、73.33%(176/240)、57.08%(137/240);维生素B6、叶酸、维生素C、钙的摄入不足比例较高,分别为75.83%(182/240)、59.17%(142/240)、47.50%(114/240)、54.58%(131/240);PCI术后患者的体质量指数、体脂率、吸烟史与再狭窄呈正相关(r=0.276、0.183、0.334,P<0.05);硫胺素、核黄素、维生素C、维生素E、镁、锌、硒的摄入量与再狭窄呈负相关(r=-0.257^-0.163,P<0.05);患者的体质量指数、维生素C及硒的摄入量为再狭窄发生的主要影响因素(Wald χ^2=4.398、3.928、5.217,P<0.05)。结论PCI术后患者的膳食结构不良,营养不均衡,临床护理人员应加强对患者的膳食指导,有利于预防再狭窄的发生。ObjectiveTo explore relationship between dietary structure and restenosis of patients after PCI.Methods Select a total of 240 cases of PCI postoperative imaging review of coronary heart disease patients as the research object. General information questionnaire and food frequency questionnaire were used. Analyze the relationship between dietary structure and restenosis of patients after pereutaneous coronary intervention.ResultsThe intakes of fruits, vegetables and dairy products were 40.83%(98/240), 35.42%(85/240) and 44.58%(107/240), respectively, and the proportion of meat, grease and salt was higher in poultry, 46.25%(111/240), 73.33%(176/240) and 57.08%(137/240), and the intake of vitamin B6, folic acid, vitamin C and calcium were higher, 75.83%(182/240), 59.17%(142/240), 47.50%(114/240) and 54.58%(131/240) respectively; the body mass index, body fat rate and smoking history were positively correlated with restenosis after PCI (r=0.276, 0.183, 0.334, P<0.05), and the intake of thiamine, riboflavin, vitamin C, vitamin E, magnesium, zinc and selenium was negatively correlated with restenosis (r=-0.257--0.163, P<0.05) The body mass index, vitamin C and selenium intake were the main influencing factors of restenosis (Wald χ^2=4.398, 3.928, 5.217, P<0.05).ConclusionsThe patients' diet structure is poor and the nutrition is unbalanced, and the clinical nursing staff should strengthen the dietary guidance to patients, which is beneficial to prevent the occurrence of restenosis.

关 键 词：经皮冠状动脉介入治疗 冠状动脉再狭窄 膳食结构 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]