温室沟灌条件下不同水氮用量对番茄产量、品质及水肥利用的影响  

Greenhouse furrow irrigation under the condition of different water and nitrogen dosage on tomato yield,quality and the influence of water and nitrogen utilization

作　　者：刘东阳[1] 汪俊玉 武雪萍[2] 李若楠[3] 黄绍文[2] 李晓秀[1] LIU Dong-yang;WANG Jun-yu;WU Xue-ping;LI Ruo-nan;HUANG Shao-wen;LI Xiao-xiu(College of Resource Environment and Tourism,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100048;Institute of Agricultural Resource and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences,Beijing 100081;Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Shijiazhuang Hebei 050051)

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院,北京100048 [2]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京100081 [3]河北省农林科学院农业资源环境研究所,河北石家庄050051

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2018年第6期112-117,共6页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0201001);国家科技支撑计划(2015BAD22B03)

摘　　要：试验在温室栽培条件下研究不同的水氮用量对番茄产量、品质和水肥利用的影响,以期为温室番茄的生产提供科学的水氮管理依据。结果表明:有机无机配施模式下灌水与施氮量存在一定的交互作用,对于番茄产量、氮素总含量以及水氮利用效率具有较好的拮抗作用;充足的水分供应和适宜的施氮量是保证番茄产量、提高水氮利用率的前提。在相同灌溉量不同施氮量情况下,随着施氮量的升高,番茄品质中可溶性糖、可溶性酸和Vc含量与产量先升高后降低;在相同施氮量不同灌水量情况下,节水灌溉处理的氮肥与水分利用效率明显高于传统灌溉,且比传统灌溉处理增产3. 07%和5. 40%,节水灌溉处理的农学利用效率和肥料偏生产力比传统灌溉分别提高了23. 61%～29. 58%和3. 07%～5. 49%,与传统灌溉相比,节水灌溉处理的水分利用率提高了54. 60%和58. 64%,且节水灌溉下施氮量为675 kg/hm^2的处理产量以及水氮利用率最高。在本试验中,节水灌溉条件下施氮量为675 kg/hm^2的处理W2N675为较适宜番茄生长发育的处理措施。This experiment was conducted under greenhouse cultivation conditions to study the effects of different amounts of water and nitrogen on tomato yield,quality,and utilization of water and fertilizer,with a view to providing scientific water and nitrogen management basis for greenhouse tomato production.The results showed that there was a certain interaction between irrigation and nitrogen application rate in organic and inorganic application mode,and had a good antagonistic effect on tomato yield,total nitrogen content,and water and nitrogen use efficiency.This experiment shows that adequate water supply and appropriate amount of nitrogen application are guaranteed for yield and improving the utilization of water and nitrogen for tomato production.Under the same amount of nitrogen applied,the content of soluble sugar,soluble acid and Vc in the quality of tomato increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of nitrogen application rate;under the same amount of nitrogen applied,the nitrogen fertilizer and water use efficiency of water-saving irrigation were significantly higher than those of traditional irrigation,which increased by 3.07%and 5.40%compared with traditional irrigation treatments.The agroutilization efficiency and partial fertilizer productivity of water-saving irrigation treatment increased by 23.61%-29.58%and 3.07%-5.49%compared with traditional irrigation.Compared with traditional irrigation,the water use efficiency of watersaving irrigation increased by 54.60%and 58.64%,and the yield and water and nitrogen use efficiency were the highest with nitrogen application amount of 675kg/hm^2 under water-saving irrigation.Under the conditions of this experiment,the treatment of W2N675with nitrogen application rate of 675kg/hm^2under water-saving irrigation conditions was a suitable measure for the groxah and development of tomato.

关 键 词：番茄 产量 营养品质 施氮量 水氮利用效率 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学] S606[农业科学—园艺学]