口虾蛄的繁殖特性及早期发育研究  

Reproductive Characteristics and Early Development of Oratosquilla oratoria

作　　者：张年国[1,2] 潘桂平 周文玉[1,2] Zhang Nianguo;Pan Guiping;Zhou Wenyu(Shanghai Fisheries Research Institute,Shanghai 200433;Shanghai Fisheries Technical Extension Station,Shanghai 200433)

机构地区：[1]上海市水产研究所,上海200433 [2]上海市水产技术推广站,上海200433

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2018年第36期133-139,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：上海市种业发展项目"口虾蛄人工繁养技术研究"(沪农科种字(2015)第16号)

摘　　要：为了对口虾蛄(Oratosquilla oratoria)的繁殖生物学特征进行初步了解,指导其人工繁育工作,采用常规生物学和统计回归分析方法,对采自长江口附近海域的口虾蛄进行了繁殖特性和早期发育研究。结果显示:50尾成熟口虾蛄的个体绝对繁殖力(F)为10480～39600粒,体长相对繁殖力(F_L)为838～2676粒/cm,体重相对繁殖力(F_W)在487～1250粒/cm,性腺指数GSI在6.08%～15.63%。相关分析显示:F、F_L、F_W与其体长、体重均呈显著性正相关。对口虾蛄幼体的早期发育研究发现,在(22.5±0.6)℃、盐度30‰～32‰条件下,胚胎发育历时19天孵化出膜,出膜后第4天体内卵黄完全消失,从Z1期假蚤状幼体开始,历时35～40天变态为Ⅰ期仔虾蛄。试验结果表明:口虾蛄幼体在体内卵黄完全消失后需及时投喂轮虫、卤虫无节幼体等饵料,以满足其生长发育需要。To study the reproductive biology characteristics of(Oratosquilla oratoria)and guide its artificial breeding,the reproductive characteristics and early development of Oratosquilla oratoria from Yangtze River estuary are studied by the conventional biological method and statistics regression analysis.The results showed that the individual absolute fecundity(F)of 50 mature Oratosquilla oratoria ranged from 10480 to 39600 eggs.The individual relative fecundity per centimeter(FL)ranged from 838 to 2676 eggs/cm and the individual relative fecundity per gram(FW)ranged from 487 to 1250 eggs/cm.Gonadosomatic Indexes(GSI)for females were 6.08%-15.63%.Correlation analysis showed that F,FL and FW had significantly positive correlations with body length and body weight.The early development study of juvenile Oratosquilla oratoria showed that under the conditions of(22.5±0.6)℃and 30‰-32‰salinity,the embryonic development lasted for 19 days to hatch out of the membrane and the yolk were fully absorbed in 4 days later.Pseudozoea larvae began at Z1 stage,which lasted 35-40 days and then metamorphosed to theⅠperiod of infant squilla.The results show that we should feed the juvenile Oratosquilla oratoria with rotifers,Artemia nauplius etc.in time after the yolk disappeared completely to meet their growth and development needs.

关 键 词：口虾蛄 长江口附近海域 性腺指数 繁殖力 早期发育 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]