引入的美国小麦种质主要农艺性状的遗传多样性分析  

Genetic Diversity of Main Agronomic Characters of Wheat Germplasm Introduced from America

作　　者：孙允超 王光禄 王怀恩 冯盛烨 于洋 赵杨 冀传允 闫树平 程倩倩 朱启超 Sun Yunchao;Wang Guanglu;Wang Huaien;Feng Shengye;Yu Yang;Zhao Yang;Ji Chuanyun;Yan Shuping;Cheng Qianqian;Zhu Qichao(Liaocheng Academy of Agricultural Science, Liaocheng Shandong 252000;Yanggu County Agricultural Bureau, Yanggu Shandong 252300)

机构地区：[1]聊城市农业科学研究院,山东聊城252000 [2]阳谷县农业局,山东阳谷252300

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2018年第33期1-6,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家小麦产业技术体系聊城综合试验站(CARS-3-2);山东省现代农业产业技术体系小麦创新团队聊城综合试验站(SDAIT-01-19)

摘　　要：旨在筛选适宜的小麦杂交亲本。以2015年引入的51份美国小麦种质为试验材料,研究了4个质量性状的频率分布与遗传多样性,分析了9个主要农艺性状间的相关性、遗传多样性,并以农艺性状为指标,对51份小麦种质进行了聚类分析。参试小麦种质的株型以直立型为主,穗型以纺锤形为主,芒型以长芒为主,旗叶以下披型为主。产量与有效穗数(0.472**)极显著正相关,与千粒重(0.340*)显著正相关。9个主要农艺性状间的差异性较大,各性状的变异系数除容重(1.71%)外,均超过了5%,以不孕小穗(55.21%)为最大,参试种质的遗传多样性丰富。Ward法聚类将51份种质分为了4类,其中第1类群10份种质的千粒重(40.31 g)、有效穗数(656.74万/hm^2)、产量(8718.63 kg/hm^2)是4个类群中最高,可作为重点亲本利用,其余种质可依据类群特征作为改良某一性状的中间材料利用。To screen the suitable cross parents of wheat, 51 accessions American wheat germplasms introducedin 2015 were used as experimental materials. The frequency distribution and genetic diversity of four qualitativetraits were studied. The correlation and the genetic diversity of nine main agronomic traits were analyzed.Taking the main agronomic characters as the indexes, 51 accessions American wheat germplasms were analyzedby the clustering analysis. The main plant type of the tested wheat germplasms is erect, the main panicle type isspinner bait, long awn is the main awn type, the main flag leaf type is downward. The yield is significantly andpositively correlated with the number of productive ear(0.472**), and positively correlated with the 1000-grainweight(0.340*). There are great differences among the nine agronomic characters, the CV of each trait is morethan 5% except bulk density(1.71%). The variation coefficient of sterile spikelet(55.21%) is the highest, andthese germplasms have abundant genetic diversity. 51 accessions American wheat germplasms are classifiedinto 4 groups by Ward method. Group I has the maximum 1000-grain weight(40.31 g), number of productiveear(656.74×104/hm^2) and yield(8718.63 kg/hm^2), which could be used as excellent cross parents, the othergermplasm could be used as intermediate material for improving some traits according to the characteristics oftaxa.

关 键 词：美国 小麦种质 农艺性状 遗传多样性 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]