中、轻度重金属污染农田的特征及治理  

Farmland Contaminated by Moderate and Mild Heavy Metal Pollution:Characteristics and Abatement Strategies

作　　者：肖蓉[1] 聂园军 曹秋芬[3] 郜春花 赵佳[3] 李倩[5] Xiao Rong;Nie Yuanjun;Cao Qiufen;Gao Chunhua;Zhao Jia;Li Qian(Pomology Institute, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan 030031;Institute of Agricultural Resources and Economy, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan 030006;Biotechnology Research Center, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan 030031;Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resource, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan 030031;Wheat Research Institute, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Linfen Shanxi 041000)

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院果树研究所,太原030031 [2]山西省农业科学院农业资源与经济研究所,太原030006 [3]山西省农业科学院生物技术研究中心,太原030031 [4]山西省农业科学院农业环境与资源研究所,太原030031 [5]山西省农业科学院小麦研究所,山西临汾041000

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2018年第33期101-106,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：山西省科技重点研发项目"主要农业生态区农业面源污染关键技术研究与集成示范"(201603D21110-1);山西省科技重点研发项目子课题"铬污染农田土壤根际微生物优势种群及特征研究"(201603D21110-1-6);山西省农业科学院科技自主创新能力提升工程项目"温室土壤消毒功能性复合微生物的研究"(2017zzcx-22)

摘　　要：文章从环境保护部和国土资源部发布的《全国土壤污染状况调查公报》入手,指出中国耕地的重金属污染情况严重,但大部分受污染耕地都还处于中度或轻度污染程度。笔者概括归纳了与重度污染农田相比,中轻度污染农田的3个特点:仍然承载着农业生产的功能;危害性比较隐蔽;危害性常常被低估。文章结合当前的重金属污染修复技术,综述了低累积作物品种筛选的基础、取得的成果;常用的无机型、有机型、微生物型钝化剂及使用效果。提出针对中轻度重金属污染农田的2个治理策略:种植低累积、耐重金属的农作物品种;原位钝化,降低重金属的有效性。最后,笔者提出今后在中轻度重金属污染农田修复领域的一些发展方向。Based on the National Soil Pollution Survey Bulletin issued by the Ministry of EnvironmentalProtection and the Ministry of Land and Resources, we point out that the cultivated land in China is polluted byheavy metals, but most is moderately or mildly polluted. We sum up 3 characteristics of moderately pollutedfarmland compared with severe polluted farmland: still carrying the function of agricultural production, theharm is more concealed and underestimated. Considering the current recovery techniques of heavy metalpollution, we review the basis for low-cumulative crop variety screening, particularly the progress ofinorganic-, organic-, and microorganism-type passivators, and their utilization effect. We put forward 2 strategies for treating farmland with moderate and mild heavy metal pollution: cultivation of low-cumulativeand heavy-metal-resistant crop varieties and in situ passivation for offsetting the adverse effect of heavymetals.

关 键 词：重金属污染 农田 中度 轻度 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]