气象因素对柑桔树植株日间蒸腾作用的影响研究  

Effects of Meteorological Factors on Daytime Transpiration of Citrus Trees

作　　者：葛亮 董晓华[1,2] 李璐 赵乔[3] 严冬英 GE Liang;DONG Xiao-hua;LI Lu;ZHAO Qiao;YAN Dong-ying(Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering,Three Gorges University,Yichang 443002,Hubei,China;Water Resources Security Protection Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province,Wuhan 430072,China;PowerChina Guiyang Engineering Corporation Limited ,Guiyang550081,Guizhou,China)

机构地区：[1]三峡大学水利与环境学院,湖北宜昌443002 [2]水资源安全保障湖北省协同创新中心,武汉430072 [3]中国电建贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司,贵阳550081

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2018年第12期17-23,共7页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40701024);水利部"十二五"公益性行业专项经费项目(201301066)

摘　　要：采用包裹式热平衡茎流计,对盆栽柑桔树的茎流速率进行监测,同时对太阳净辐射、大气温度、大气相对湿度等主要气象因素进行监测,以研究盆栽柑桔树日间蒸腾速率的变化规律及其与主要气象因素的关系。结果表明柑桔树的蒸腾速率日变化呈双峰型曲线,柑桔树蒸腾速率与太阳净辐射、大气温度呈正相关关系,与大气相对湿度呈负相关关系,各气象因素相关系数为:大气温度(0.849)>太阳净辐射(0.813)>大气相对湿度(-0.810)>风速(0.570)>露点温度(0.219),说明大气温度是主导因素;以上述三种主要环境因子为自变量建立了一个经验回归模型,该经验模型的模拟结果较传统的彭曼-蒙特斯模型的模拟结果更接近实测数据,表明该模型能够对柑桔树的蒸腾速率进行比较精准的预测。In this paper,the packaged stem sap flow gauge was used to continually measure the sap flow dynamics of citrus trees.The meteorological factors,including net solar radiation,ambient temperature and relative humidity,were detected at the same time.The correlation between the transpiration rate and meteorological factors were analyzed.The results showed that the transpiration curve of citrus trees was bimodal type ;the transpiration rate of potted citrus trees was positively correlated with net solar radiation and ambient temperature, and negatively correlated with environmental relative humidity;the absolute values of the correlation coefficients of all the meteorological factors from large to small were ranged as ambient temperature (0.849),net solar radiation (0.813),relative humidity (-0.810),the wind speed (0.570)and dew point (0.219),and ambient temperature was the dominant environmental factor.Then an empirical regression model was established by using the three main environmental factors described above,the simulation results of empirical models was more accurate than that of the PM model.The empirical models can be used to predict the water consumption by transpiration of citrus trees in the Yichang area.

关 键 词：日间蒸腾速率 气象因素 柑桔树 经验模型 

分 类 号：TV121.1[水利工程—水文学及水资源] P334.92[天文地球—水文科学]