骨质疏松性脊柱内固定技术进展  

Progress in the Instrumentation of the Osteoporotic Spine

作　　者：魏伟 刘晓忠[2] 严亚波 徐超 黄鲁豫 雷伟 WEI Wei;LIU Xiao-zhong;YAN Ya-bo;XU Chad;HUANG Lu-yu;LEI Wei(Department of orthopedics,Xijing Hospital,the Airforce Military Medical University Xi'an,Shaanxi,710032,China;Department of outpatients,PLA Nanjing Army Command College,Nanjing,Jiangsu,210000,China)

机构地区：[1]空军军医大学西京医院骨科,陕西西安710032 [2]中国人民解放军南京陆军指挥学院门诊部,江苏南京210000

出　　处：《现代生物医学进展》2018年第21期4183-4186,共4页Progress in Modern Biomedicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81672132)

摘　　要：骨质疏松症是一种以骨量减少,骨强度下降而脆性增加,骨折风险增加为特征的骨骼疾病。随着人口老龄化日趋严重,骨质疏松症已成为我国面临的重要公共健康问题。这些患者往往并存多种疾病,其中椎体骨折最为突出,危害较大。由于此类患者的虚弱的体质和较低的骨密度,实施手术治疗十分困难。新型的手术方式的开发和内固定植入物的设计明显降低了内固定失败率,提升了内固定稳定性。这些技术综合考虑了生物材料学、生物学和生物力学等多方面,在临床应用上获得了较好的疗效。本综述旨在总结脊柱内固定失败的机制和现存的新型手术技术与内固定植入物设计,并对未来脊柱内固定手术的发展方向加以展望。Osteoporosis is bony disease characterized by decreased bony mass and bone strength,increased skeletal fragility,and fracture susceptibility.With the progressive aging of the population,osteoporosis has gradually grown into an important public health problem in our country.These patients often co-exist a variety of complications,of which the most severe is vertebral fractures,Due to the frail physique and lower bone density of such patients,it is very difficult to perform surgical treatment.The development of new surgical procedures and the design of internal fixation implants have significantly reduced the failure rate of internal fixation and improved the stability of internal fixation.These technologies have taken into account many aspects such as biomaterials,biology and biomechanics and have achieved good results in clinical application.The purpose of this review is to summarize the mechanism of failure of internal fixation of the spine and the existing new surgical techniques and design of internal fixation implants.The future development of internal fixation for spine surgery is also prospected.

关 键 词：骨质疏松 椎体骨折 椎弓根螺钉 脊柱内固定 

分 类 号：R683[医药卫生—骨科学]