2015-2016年上海市浦东新区涉禽场所禽流感病毒监测结果  

Monitoring results of avian influenza virus in poultry related environments in Pudong New Area of Shanghai from 2015-2016

作　　者：刘丹 邱惠芳 傅慧琴 潘丽峰 朱林英 LIU Dan;QIU Hui-fang;FU Hui-qin;PAN Li-feng;ZHU Lin-ying(Microbiological Testing Laboratory of Shanghai Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Pudong Preventive Medicine Institute of Fudan University,Shanghai,200136,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市浦东新区疾病预防控制中心微生物检测实验室复旦大学浦东预防医学研究院

出　　处：《职业与健康》2018年第24期3389-3392,共4页Occupation and Health

基　　金：上海市浦东新区疾病预防控制中心科技项目(PDCDC-2015-34)

摘　　要：目的了解2015-2016年上海市浦东新区禽流感病毒在涉禽场所中的阳性情况,为人禽流感防控工作提供依据。方法采集2015-2016年上海市浦东新区规模禽类养殖场、家庭禽类养殖户和活禽交易市场活禽鸡的禽类样本(喉/泄殖腔拭子)及外环境样本(禽类粪便、物体表面擦拭样本、水体样本),运用实时荧光定量逆转录聚合酶链反应(RTPCR)方法检测禽流感病毒。结果2015-2016年共检测标本2820份,检出甲型流感病毒阳性530份,阳性率为18.79%。H5、H7和H9亚型均有检出,以H9为主,阳性率为10.92%。3类涉禽场所中,以活禽交易市场的禽流感病毒检出阳性率最高为37.69%,涉禽场所8种类型样本中,案板表面擦拭标本、笼具污水的阳性率高于禽喉试子、笼具表面擦拭标本、禽粪便、地表面擦拭物、禽饮用水及禽泄殖腔拭子。全年进行监测,其中1、6-7和10-12月检出阳性率高于2-5和8-9月。结论2015-2016年浦东新区活禽交易市场、禽贩卖及屠宰环节和冬季禽流感病毒检出率较高,今后应加强监测监管,做好消毒、适时关闭活禽交易市场等防控措施,降低人禽流感发生风险。[Objective]To understand positive distribution of avian influenza virus in poultry related environments in Pudong New Area of Shanghai from 2015-2016,provide an effective basis for prevention and control work of human infection with avian influenza virus.[Methods]The samples of live chicken (throat/cloaca swab) of external environment cases (poultry stool,smears of body surfaces and water) of large scale poultry farms,family poultry farmers and alive poultry markets in Pudong New Area of Shanghai from 2015-2016 were collected and detected the avian influenza virus by real-time fluorescence RT-PCR.[Results]From 2015-2016,totally 2 820 samples were detected,and there were 530 positive samples of influenza A virus,with the positive rate of 18.79%. The subtype H5,H7 and H9 were found,and H9 was the main pathogen with the positive rate of 10.92%. Among three types of poultry related environment,the positive rate of avian influenza virus was the highest in alive poultry markets (37.69%). Among eight types of samples,the positive rates of smears of chopping board and poultry cage sewage were higher than those of poultry throat swab,smears of poultry cage surfaces,poultry stool,smears of ground,poultry drinking water and poultry cloaca swab. The monitoring was performed all the year round,and the positive rates of January,June to July and October to December were higher than those of February to May and August to September. [Conclusion]From 2015-2016,the detection rates of avian influenza virus are higher in alive poultry markets,selling and slaughtering process and winter in Pudong New Area. It is necessary to strengthen the management and supervision in future,and improve the disinfection and market timing closure to reduce the risk of human infection with avian influenza virus.

关 键 词：涉禽场所 禽流感病毒 实时荧光定量逆转录聚合酶链反应 

分 类 号：R511.7[医药卫生—内科学]