贵州省职业健康检查机构噪声危害诊治能力调查  

Investigation on ability of diagnosis and treatment of noise hazards in occupational health examination institutions of Guizhou Province

作　　者：熊思化 汪思顺[2] 聂四平 杨军红[2] 李玲[2] XIONG Si-hua;WANG Si-shun;NIE Si-ping;YANG Jun-hong;Ll Lin(School of Public Health,Guizhou Medical University,Guiyang Guizhou,550004,China;Institute for Public Health Monitoring and Evaluation,Guizhou Center for Diseaze Control and Prevention,Guiyang Guizhou,550004,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州医科大学公共卫生学院,贵州贵阳550004 [2]贵州省疾病预防控制中心公共卫生监测评价研究所,贵州贵阳550004

出　　处：《职业与健康》2018年第24期3417-3420,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的分析贵州省职业健康检查机构对接触噪声作业工人健康检查的能力,发现问题并为开展工作提供参考依据。方法通过问卷调查贵州省具备有害物理因素类(噪声)健康检查资质且开展工作的机构获取机构基本信息(机构类型、取得资质时间等)、职业健康检查人员信息、设备配置情况及2017年工作开展情况,采用SPSS 22.0进行描述统计分析。结果66家机构从事职业健康检查工作人员930人,学历以本科和大专为主(84.73%),职称以中级和初级为主(72.37%),平均每家机构职业病诊断医师2.38人,主检医师1.91人。平均每家机构配置听力检查类仪器2.58台,随机构级别的增加而增加;纯音电测听和隔音室机构配置率比为1∶0.7,3种客观听力测试仪机构配置率分别为27.27%、22.73%、16.67%。不同类别机构噪声作业健康检查平均人数:民营机构>公立医院>疾病预防控制中心。结论贵州省职业健康检查机构对接触噪声作业工人的健康检查能力有待提高,建议增加专项经费投入,加强人员队伍建设,加大培训力度,以保障噪声作业健康检查工作有效开展。[Objective]To analyze the ability of occupational health examination institutions in Guizhou Province to perform the health examination on noise-exposed workers,discover problems and provide reference for work.[Methods]Through questionnaire survey,the institutions that had the examination qualifications of harmful physical factors (noise) in Guizhou Province and carried out their work were investigated to obtain basic information (type of organization,time of getting qualification),information of occupational health inspectors,equipment configuration and working condition in 2017. The descriptive statistical analysis was conducted by using SPSS 22.0. [Results]There were 930 employees engaged in occupational health examinations in 66 institutions,84.73% of which were education level of undergraduate and junior colleges,and 72.37% had intermediate and junior titles. On average,each institution had 2.38 occupational disease diagnosticians and 1.91 chief examiners. Average each institution had 2.58 sets of hearing-checking instruments,which increased with the increase of the organization level. The ratio of the pure tone audiometry and soundproof room was 1 ∶0.7,and the configuration rate of the three objective hearing testers was 27.27% ,22.73% and 16.67% ,respectively. Average number of noise-exposed workers for health examination in different categories of institutions was as follows:private institutions > public hospitals > centers for disease control and prevention. [Conclusion]The ability of occupational health examination institutions in Guizhou Province to perform the health examination on noise-exposed workers should be improved. It is recommended to increase special funds investment,strengthen the construction of personnel teams,and increase training efforts to ensure the effective implementation of noise inspection health checkups.

关 键 词：噪声 职业健康检查 能力 

分 类 号：R197[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]