2007-2016年广州市突发公共卫生事件流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of public health emergencies in Guangzhou, 2007–2016

作　　者：马晓薇[1] 冯晶[1] 甄若楠 王志伟[1] 谢朝军[1] 陈建东[1] 李泳光 廖鑫龙 肖新才[1] Ma Xiaowei;Feng Jing;Zhen Ruonan;Wang Zhiwei;Xie Chaojun;Chen Jiandong;Li Yongguang;Liao Xinlong;Xiao Xincai(Guangzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangzhou 510440,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]广州市疾病预防控制中心,广东广州510440

出　　处：《疾病监测》2018年第11期908-912,共5页Disease Surveillance

基　　金：广州市医药卫生科技项目(No.20161A010067);广州市科技计划项目(No.201707010195)~~

摘　　要：目的调查广州市突发公共卫生事件规律和特点,为有效应对和防控提供科学依据。方法应用描述流行病学方法对2007—2016年国家"突发公共卫生事件报告管理信息系统"报告的广州市突发公共卫生事件进行统计分析。结果 2007—2016年广州市共报告突发公共卫生事件920起,发病62 562例,死亡65例。未分级事件和传染病事件分别占总报告事件数的83.04%和93.04%,辖区内突发公共卫生事件报告数与人口密度呈正相关,Spearman相关系数为0.198,P<0.05。事件发生场所为学校的占事件总数的74.41%,事件持续时间中位数为11.08(0～168.41)d,首例病例发生时间至接报时间的中位数为6.32(0～86.72)d,两者呈正相关,Spearman相关系数为0.433,P<0.001。结论 2007—2016年传染病为广州市突发公共卫生事件的主要事件类型,主要发生场所为学校。报告时间越早,疫情持续时间越短,应加强突发公共卫生事件监测,早报告、早处置,以减少事件扩散范围和危害。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of public health emergencies in Guangzhou, Guangdong province,and provide scientific evidence for the effective prevention and control of public health emergencies. Methods The incidence data of public health emergencies in Guangzhou from 2007 to 2016 were collected from "China Disease Reporting Information System"for a descriptive epidemiological analysis.Results A total of 920 public health emergencies were reported in Guangzhou during this period,involving 62562 disease cases and 65deaths.Unclassified events and communicable disease epidemics accounted for 83.04% and 93.04%,respectively.There was positive correlation between number of public health emergencies and local population density with the Spearman correlation coefficient of 0.198 (P<0.05).Most public health emergencies occurred in schools,accounting for 74.41%.The median duration of epidemic was 11.08d (ranging from 0 to 168.41 d),while the median interval between the onset of index case and online reporting was 6.32d (ranging from 0to 86.72d).The correlation was positive with the Spearman correlation coefficient of 0.433(P<0.001). Conclusion The public health emergencies were mainly communicable disease epidemics in Guangzhou from 2007 to 2016, which mainly occurred in schools.The sooner report the epidemic,the shorter the epidemic duration was.Therefore,it is necessary to strengthen the surveillance for public health emergencies for the early reporting and early response to reduce the spread of related diseases.

关 键 词：突发公共卫生事件 网络直报 流行病学特征 

分 类 号：R51[医药卫生—内科学]