200例发热患者临床特征分析  

Analysis on Clinical Characteristics of 200 Patients with Fever

作　　者：康利红[1] 田耕[1] 杨雄利 Kang Lihong;Tian Geng;Yang Xiongli(Department of Infectious Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing,100053, China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学宣武医院感染性疾病科,北京市1000053

出　　处：《中国病案》2018年第12期107-110,共4页Chinese Medical Record

摘　　要：目的对流感流行季节发热患者临床特征进行分析,为临床诊疗及有效应对季节性流感提供依据。方法对象为某院2017年12月15日-2018年1月15日期间就诊的200名发热患者,其中甲型99名与乙型101名流感患者,采用自设问卷电话随访的方式,就发热的临床特征及流感的防控知识知晓程度进行调查分析。结果通过数据显示,甲型流感患者发热程度(39.03±0.67)℃较乙型流感患者(38.66±0.62)℃高,P<0.01;在发热持续时间上,乙型流感时间更长,为(3.39±1.86)天,P<0.05,具有统计学意义;甲型流感与乙型流感患者在症状上相似,均以全身症状、呼吸道症状为主,部分患者出现头疼、关节痛,约有10%出现消化道症状,乙型流感患者出现咳嗽症状较多持续时间长,P<0.05;甲型流感患者中性粒细胞及C反应蛋白升高例数较乙型流感患者多,P<0.05;患者对流感的主要预防知识均缺乏;疫苗接种率仅为5.5%。结论发热患者中,甲型与乙型流感患者相比,甲型流感患者发热程度较高,乙型流感患者发热持续时间较长,乙型流感患者出现咳嗽症状较多,通过对临床特征的分析,了解流感的传播途径、临床症状,治疗原则及医院感染防控等综合应对措施,提高个人防护意识,才能最大限度地减少重症病例及传播的风险。Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of patients with fever in influenza epidemic season,and to provide evidences for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods Following up patients with self-designed questionnaires,200 patients with influenza A and B in fever clinics in our hospital for the period from 15 December 2017 to 15 January 2018 were analyzed with their clinical characteristics of prevention and control.Comprehensive measures should be taken to carry out health education.Results The fever degree of influenza A patients is higher than that of influenza B patients,(39.03±0.67℃ VS 38.66±0.62℃,P<0.01).For the duration of fever,the duration of influenza B was longer,and the duration of influenza B was(3.39±1.86) days(P<0.05);The symptoms of influenza A and B are similar.The symptoms were mainly systemic symptoms and respiratory symptoms.Some patients have headache and joint pain,and about 10% of them have gastrointestinal symptoms.Patients with influenza B had more cough symptoms and longer duration(P<0.05).The number of neutrophils and C reactive protein in influenza A patients was higher than that in patients with influenza B(P<0.05);The knowledge of preventing influenza islacking,and the vaccination rate is only 5.5%.Conclusion Compared with patients with influenza B,influenza A patients have a higher degree of fever,but patients with influenza B has a longer fever duration,patients with influenza B have more cough symptoms.Analyzing the clinical characteristics,understanding the route of transmission of influenza,clinical symptoms,treatment principles and hospital infection control and other measures to improve personal protection awareness can minimize the risk of severe cases and transmission.

关 键 词：流行性感冒 临床特征 分析 

分 类 号：R511.7[医药卫生—内科学]