空心薄壁铝型材挤压数值模拟与模具优化设计  

Numerical simulation and the die optimization design of hollow thin-wall aluminum extrusion

作　　者：周晓远 陈文琳[1] 潘鹏林 阮祥明 吉宏选 ZHOU Xiao-yuan;CHEN Wen-lin;PAN Peng-lin1;RUAN Xiang-ming;JI Hong-xuan(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei, Anhui 230009,China;Anhui Shengxin Aluminum Co.,Ltd.,Xuancheng,Anhui 242000, China)

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学材料科学与工程学院,安徽合肥230009 [2]安徽生信铝业股份有限公司,安徽宣城242000

出　　处：《模具工业》2018年第12期58-65,共8页Die & Mould Industry

基　　金：安徽省2018重点研究与开发计划项目(1804a09020073)

摘　　要：采用专业铝型材挤压成形有限元软件对空心薄壁铝型材进行分析研究,模拟了稳态挤压成形过程,计算挤出型材断面上的流速均方差,以此作为衡量流速均匀程度的指标,并统计挤出型材的最高温度和最低温度作为衡量型材挤出温度的指标。结果发现初始模具结构中金属材料流速不均匀,型材温度偏高,通过设计二级焊合室及增设阻流块使模具挤压出口速度变得均匀,改善出口流速,降低型材出口温度。此外,还比较了2种优化方法发现增加阻流块的模具温度和所受压力更低,模具的磨损更小,延长了模具使用寿命。The professional finite element software system for aluminum profile extrusion forming was used to analyze and study the hollow thin-walled aluminum profiles. The steady-state extrusion process was simulated and the variance of the flow velocity on the cross-section of the extruded profile was calculated as a measure of the uniformity of the flow rate. In addition, the maximum and the minimum temperature of the extruded profile were also used as indicators for measuring the extrusion temperature of the profile. The calculation results showed that the flow velocity of the metal material in the initial mould structure was not uniform and the profile temperature was high. By designing the secondary welding chamber and adding the choke block, the speed of the die extrusion outlet became uniform, the outlet flow rate was improved, and the exit temperature of the profile was lower. Furthermore, it was found that the temperature and the pressure of the die with increasing the choke block were lower by comparing the two optimization methods,so that the wear of the mould was reduced, and the service life was prolonged.

关 键 词：铝型材挤压 速度均方差 有限元分析 模具结构优化 

分 类 号：TG376[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]